SEHAT DENGAN AKTIVITAS FISIK: Mengapa Kita Harus Bergerak

Aiello, K. D., Caughey, W. G., Nelluri, B., Sharma, A., Mookadam, F., & Mookadam, M. (2016). Effect of exercise training on sleep apnea: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Respiratory Medicine, 116, 85-92. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rmed.2016. 05.015

Ainsworth, B. E., Haskell, W. L., Herrmann, S. D., et al. (2011). Compendium of physical activities: a second update of codes and MET values. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 43(8), 1575-1581. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0b013e318 21ece12

Alleva, J. M., Veldhuis, J., & Martijn, C. (2018). A Randomized-Controlled Trial Testing the Effectiveness of a Body Image Intervention on Young Women’s Self-Esteem. Body Image, 27, 58-64. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2018.08.008

Almondes, K. M., Martins, P. J., & Bartolomei, R. C. (2017). The effect of physical exercise on the sleep patterns in elderly people. Sleep Science, 10(1), 28-35. https://doi.org/10.5935/1984-0063.20170006

American Heart Association. (2019). The importance of physical activity. Retrieved from https://www.heart.org/en/healthy-living/fitness/fitness-basics/the-importance-of-physical-activity

Anderson, L., Oldridge, N., Thompson, D. R., Zwisler, A.-D., Rees, K., Martin, N., & Taylor, R. S. (2016). Exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation for coronary heart disease. The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2016(1), CD001800. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD001800.pub3

Arem, H., Moore, S. C., Patel, A., Hartge, P., de Gonzalez, A. B., Visvanathan, K., ... & Matthews, C. E. (2015). Leisure Time Physical Activity and Mortality. JAMA Internal Medicine, 175(6), 959-967. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamainternmed. 2015.0533

Asmundson, G. J., Fetzner, M. G., DeBoer, L. B., Powers, M. B., Otto, M. W., & Smits, J. A. (2013). Let's get physical: A contemporary review of the anxiolytic effects of exercise for anxiety and its disorders. Depression and Anxiety, 30(4), 362-373. https://doi.org/10.1002/da.22043

Baker, P. R., Francis, D. P., Soares, J., Weightman, A. L., & Foster, C. (2017). Community wide interventions for increasing physical activity. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, (1). https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD008366.pub3

Ballard-Barbash, R., Friedenreich, C. M., Courneya, K. S., Siddiqi, S. M., McTiernan, A., & Alfano, C. M. (2012). Physical Activity, Biomarkers, and Disease Outcomes in Cancer Survivors: A Systematic Review. Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 104(11), 815-840. https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/djs207

Bandura, A. (2012). On the Functional Properties of Perceived Self-Efficacy Revisited. Journal of Management, 38(1), 9-44. https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206311410606

Bassett, D. R., Pucher, J., Buehler, R., Thompson, D. L., & Crouter, S. E. (2008). Walking, cycling, and obesity rates in Europe, North America, and Australia. Journal of Physical Activity and Health, 5(6), 795-814. https://doi.org/10.1123/jpah.5.6.795

Batacan, R. B., Duncan, M. J., Dalbo, V. J., Tucker, P. S., & Fenning, A. S. (2017). Effects of high-intensity interval training on cardiometabolic health: A systematic review and meta-analysis of intervention studies. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 51(6), 494-503. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2015-095841

Bauman, A. E., Reis, R. S., Sallis, J. F., et al. (2012). Correlates of physical activity: why are some people physically active and others not? The Lancet, 380(9838), 258-271. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(12)60735-1

Bauman, A. E., Reis, R. S., Sallis, J. F., Wells, J. C., Loos, R. J., & Martin, B. W. (2012). Correlates of physical activity: Why are some people physically active and others not? The Lancet, 380(9838), 258-271. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(12 )60735-1

Bean, J. F., Vora, A., & Frontera, W. R. (2010). Benefits of exercise for community-dwelling older adults. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 91(4), 567-577. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.apmr.2009.12.026

Beaulieu, K., Hopkins, M., Blundell, J. E., & Finlayson, G. (2017). Impact of physical activity level and dietary fat content on passive overconsumption of energy in non-obese adults. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 14(1), 14-22. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12966-017-0486-y

Beavers, K. M., Beavers, D. P., Nesbit, B. A., Ambrosius, W. T., Marsh, A. P., Nicklas, B. J., & Rejeski, W. J. (2013). Effect of exercise type during intentional weight loss on body composition in older adults with obesity. Obesity, 22(5), 1138–1145. https://doi.org/10.1002/oby.20656

Behm, D. G., Blazevich, A. J., Kay, A. D., & McHugh, M. (2016). Acute effects of muscle stretching on physical performance, range of motion, and injury incidence in healthy active individuals: A systematic review. Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, 41(1), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1139/apnm-2015-0235

Bélanger-Gravel, A., Gauvin, L., & Rhodes, R. E. (2013). Correlates and moderators of physical activity in young people. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 44(2), 135-145. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2012.10.022

Bird, S. R., & Hawley, J. A. (2017). Update on the effects of physical activity on insulin sensitivity in humans. BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine, 3(1), e000143. https://doi.org/10.1136/ bmjsem-2016-000143

Blondell, S. J., Hammersley-Mather, R., & Veerman, J. L. (2014). Does physical activity prevent cognitive decline and dementia? A systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal studies. BMC Public Health, 14, 510. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-14-510

Blundell, J. E., Caudwell, P., Gibbons, C., Hopkins, M., Naslund, E., King, N. A., & Finlayson, G. (2015). Role of resting metabolic rate and energy expenditure in hunger and appetite control: A new formulation. Disease Models & Mechanisms, 8(11), 1291-1297. https://doi.org/10.1242/dmm.022723

Bohm, S., Mersmann, F., & Arampatzis, A. (2015). Human tendon adaptation in response to mechanical loading: A systematic review and meta-analysis of exercise intervention studies on healthy adults. Sports Medicine - Open, 1(1), 7. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40798-015-0009-9

Booth, F. W., Roberts, C. K., & Laye, M. J. (2012). Lack of exercise is a major cause of chronic diseases. Comprehensive Physiology, 2(2), 1143-1211. https://doi.org/10.1002/cphy.c110025

Booth, F. W., Roberts, C. K., & Laye, M. J. (2017). Lack of Exercise is a Major Cause of Chronic Diseases. Comprehensive Physiology, 2(2), 1143-1211. https://doi.org/10.1002/cphy.c110025

Boström, P., Wu, J., Jedrychowski, M. P., Korde, A., Ye, L., Lo, J. C., … & Spiegelman, B. M. (2012). A PGC1-α-dependent myokine that drives brown-fat-like development of white fat and thermogenesis. Nature, 481(7382), 463-468. https://doi.org/ 10.1038/nature10777

Bouchard, C., & Shephard, R. J. (2011). Physical activity, fitness, and health: The model and key concepts. In C. Bouchard, & R. J. Shephard (Eds.), Physical activity, fitness, and health (pp. 77-88). Human Kinetics.

Dunstan, D. W., Howard, B., Healy, G. N., et al. (2012). Too much sitting–a health hazard. Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice, 97(3), 368-376. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diabres. 2012.05.020

Bouchard, C., Blair, S. N., & Haskell, W. L. (2012). Physical Activity and Health. Human Kinetics. https://doi.org/10.5040/9781492 596884

Boules, N., Haddad, E., Rabbia, M., & Kettner, N. M. (2011). Exercise improves glucose homeostasis and increases glucose disposal rates in insulin-resistant patients. Journal of Diabetes Research, 2011, 12-19. https://doi.org/10.1155/2011/924295

Boutcher, S. H. (2011). High-intensity intermittent exercise and fat loss. Journal of Obesity, 2011, 868305. https://doi.org/10 .1155/2011/868305

Brand, S., Gerber, M., Beck, J., Hatzinger, M., Pühse, U., & Holsboer-Trachsler, E. (2010). High exercise levels are related to favorable sleep patterns and psychological functioning in adolescents: A comparison of athletes and controls. Journal of Adolescent Health, 46(2), 133-141. https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.jadohealth.2009.06.018

Brook, R. D., Appel, L. J., Rubenfire, M., Ogedegbe, G., Bisognano, J. D., Elliott, W. J., & Townsend, R. R. (2013). Beyond medications and diet: Alternative approaches to lowering blood pressure: A scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Hypertension, 61(6), 1360–1383. https://doi.org/10.1161/ HYP.0b013e318293645f

Brooks, J., Liu, Y., & McNeil, M. (2017). Effects of endurance versus interval exercise on cardiovascular fitness and PYY release in healthy adults. Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism, 10(2), 250-259. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jem.2017.06.002

Broom, D. R., Batterham, R. L., King, J. A., & Stensel, D. J. (2017). Influence of resistance and aerobic exercise on hunger, circulating levels of acylated ghrelin, and appetite. Journal of Applied Physiology, 102(2), 679-687. https://doi.org/ 10.1152/japplphysiol.01075.2017

Buchheit, M., & Gindre, C. (2006). Cardiac parasympathetic regulation: Respective associations with cardiorespiratory fitness and training load. American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology, 291(1), H451–H458. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00216.2006

Cameron, J. D., & Dart, A. M. (2018). Exercise training enhances elastic properties of the human aorta. Hypertension, 62(6), 1305–1311. https://doi.org/10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.113. 02222

Cameron, J. D., Levasseur, S. R., & Dart, A. M. (2016). Exercise therapy for insulin sensitivity: A mechanism-based review. Physiological Reviews, 96(4), 1669-1704. https://doi.org/ 10.1152/physrev.00008.2016

Campbell, J. P., & Turner, J. E. (2018). Debunking the Myth of Exercise-Induced Immune Suppression: Redefining the Dose-Response Relationship. Exercise Immunology Review, 24, 1-25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eir.2018.02.002

Cao, Y., Meyerhardt, J. A., & Giovannucci, E. L. (2016). Physical Activity and Survival After Colorectal Cancer Diagnosis: A Meta-Analysis of Population-Based Cohort Studies. Journal of Clinical Oncology, 34(5), 416-422. https://doi.org/10.1200/ JCO.2015.63.4252

Carraro, A., & Gaudreau, P. (2013). Role of Self-Determination and Competitive Styles in Predicting the Enjoyment and Commitment to Physical Activity. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 14(5), 558-566. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport. 2013.02.004

Carron, A. V., Hausenblas, H. A., & Mack, D. (2013). Social influence and exercise: A meta-analysis. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 28(2), 198-209. https://doi.org/10.1123/jsep. 28.2.198

Carter, J. B., Banister, E. W., & Blaber, A. P. (2013). The effect of age and gender on heart rate variability after endurance training. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 35(8), 1333–1340. https://doi.org/10.1249/01.MSS.0000079046.01767.40

Caspersen, C. J., Powell, K. E., & Christenson, G. M. (1985). Physical activity, exercise, and physical fitness: Definitions and distinctions for health-related research. Public Health Reports, 100(2), 126-131. https://doi.org/10.1177/0033354985100 00202

Castilla, D. G., Capin, T., & Cabatingan, R. M. (2024). Urban green spaces and human wellbeing: Assessing the carrying capacity of urban parks. International Journal of Environmental and Ecological Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1002/ijees.2024

Cavegn, E. I., & Riskowski, J. L. (2015). The effects of Tai Chi on peripheral somatosensation, balance, and fitness in Hispanic older adults with type 2 diabetes: A pilot and feasibility study. Evidence‐Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine. https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/767213

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2020). Benefits of physical activity. https://doi.org/10.1177/00333549201010 0202

Chaouachi, M., Granacher, U., Makhlouf, I., Hammami, R., Behm, D. G., & Chaouachi, A. (2017). Within session sequence of balance and plyometric exercises does not affect training adaptations with youth soccer athletes. Journal of Sports Science & Medicine, 16(1), 125–136.

Chang, S., Zhou, J., Hong, Y., Sun, W., & Cong, Y. (2016). Effects of 24-week Tai Chi exercise on the knee and ankle proprioception of older women. Research in Sports Medicine, 24(2), 125-137. https://doi.org/10.1080/15438627.2015. 1126281

Chau, J. Y., van der Ploeg, H. P., Dunn, S., Kurko, J., & Bauman, A. E. (2012). Physical activity and sedentary behavior among office-based workers: A systematic review. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 42(1), e5-e14. https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.amepre.2011.10.005

Chekroud, S. R., Gueorguieva, R., Zheutlin, A., Paulus, M., Krumholz, H. M., Krystal, J. H., & Chekroud, A. M. (2018). Association between physical exercise and mental health in 1·2 million individuals in the USA between 2011 and 2015: A cross-sectional study. The Lancet Psychiatry, 5(9), 739–746. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(18)30227-X

Chen, P. J., Penn, I. W., Wei, S. H., & Chuang, L. R. (2020). Tai-Chi benefits older adults by enhancing balance control and increasing lower limb muscle strength. Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness, 18(1), 40-45. https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.jesf.2019.11.002

Chiauzzi, E., Rodarte, C., & DasMahapatra, P. (2015). Patient-centered activity monitoring in the self-management of chronic health conditions. BMC Medicine, 13(1), 77. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-015-0319-2

Chodzko-Zajko, W. J., Proctor, D. N., Fiatarone Singh, M. A., Minson, C. T., Nigg, C. R., Salem, G. J., & Skinner, J. S. (2019). Exercise and Physical Activity for Older Adults. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 51(6), 1293-1303. https://doi.org/10.1249/ MSS.0b013e3181a0c95c

Chodzko-Zajko, W. J., Proctor, D. N., Fiatarone Singh, M. A., Minson, C. T., Nigg, C. R., Salem, G. J., & Skinner, J. S. (2019). Exercise and Physical Activity for Older Adults. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 51(6), 1293-1303. https://doi.org/10. 1249/MSS.0b013e3181a0c95c

Church, T. S., Martin, C. K., Thompson, A. M., Earnest, C. P., Mikus, C. R., & Blair, S. N. (2011). Changes in weight, waist circumference and compensatory responses with different doses of exercise among sedentary, overweight postmenopausal women. PLoS One, 4(2), e4515. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone. 0004515

Colberg, S. R., Sigal, R. J., Fernhall, B., Regensteiner, J. G., Blissmer, B. J., Rubin, R. R., ... & Braun, B. (2016). Exercise and Type 2 Diabetes. Diabetes Care, 39(11), 2065-2079. https://doi. org/10.2337/dc16-1728

Colcombe, S., & Kramer, A. F. (2013). Fitness effects on the cognitive function of older adults: A meta-analytic study. Psychological Science, 14(2), 125-130. https://doi.org/10.1177/095679 7617709829

Cole, C. R., Blackstone, E. H., Pashkow, F. J., Snader, C. E., & Lauer, M. S. (2017). Heart-rate recovery immediately after exercise as a predictor of mortality. New England Journal of Medicine, 341(18), 1358-1367. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM199910283 411804

Collins, J., & Fulton, J. (2015). Taking Steps to a Healthier Nation: Increasing Physical Activity Through Walking. Journal of Physical Activity & Health. https://doi.org/10.1123/jpah.2015-0309

Cooney, G. M., Dwan, K., Greig, C. A., Lawlor, D. A., Rimer, J., Waugh, F. R., ... & Mead, G. E. (2013). Exercise for depression. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, (9). https://doi.org/10.1002/ 14651858.CD004366.pub6

Cornelissen, V. A., & Smart, N. A. (2013). Exercise training for blood pressure: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of the American Heart Association, 2(1), e004473. https://doi. org/10.1161/JAHA.112.004473

Craft, L. L., & Perna, F. M. (2004). The benefits of exercise for the clinically depressed. Primary Care Companion to the Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 6(3), 104-111. https://doi.org/ 10.4088/PCC.v06n0301

Davidson, L. E., Hudson, R., Kilpatrick, K., Kuk, J. L., McMillan, K., Janiszewski, P. M., & Ross, R. (2009). Effects of exercise modality on insulin resistance and functional limitation in older adults: A randomized controlled trial. Archives of Internal Medicine, 169(2), 122-131. https://doi.org/10.1001/ archinternmed.2008.558

Davis, A. J., MacCarron, P., & Cohen, E. (2020). Social reward and support effects on exercise experiences and performance: Evidence from parkrun. PLoS ONE. https://doi.org/10.1371/ journal.pone.0256546

Denham, J., O’Brien, B. J., & Charchar, F. J. (2016). Telomere Length Maintenance and Cardio-Metabolic Disease Prevention through Exercise Training. Sports Medicine, 46(9), 1213-1237. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-016-0482-5

Després, J. P. (2012). Body fat distribution and risk of cardiovascular disease: An update. Circulation, 126(10), 1301-1313. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.111.067264

Diaz, K. M., Howard, V. J., Hutto, B., Colabianchi, N., Vena, J. E., Blair, S. N., & Hooker, S. P. (2017). Patterns of sedentary behavior and mortality in U.S. middle-aged and older adults: A national cohort study. Annals of Internal Medicine, 167(7), 465–475. https://doi.org/10.7326/M17-0212

Dishman, R. K., Berthoud, H. R., Booth, F. W., Cotman, C. W., Edgerton, V. R., Fleshner, M. R., ... & Zigmond, M. J. (2019). Neurobiology of exercise. Obesity, 14(3), 345-356. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-52417-0

Donnelly, J. E., & Lambourne, K. (2011). Classroom-based physical activity, cognition, and academic achievement. Preventive Medicine, 52(S1), S36-S42. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed. 2011.01.021

Donnelly, J. E., Blair, S. N., Jakicic, J. M., Manore, M. M., Rankin, J. W., & Smith, B. K. (2009). American College of Sports Medicine Position Stand. Appropriate physical activity intervention strategies for weight loss and prevention of weight regain for adults. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 41(2), 459-471. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0b013e3181949333

Drenowatz, C., Hand, G. A., Sagner, M., Shook, R. P., Burgess, S., & Blair, S. N. (2015). The prospective association between different types of exercise and body composition. Journal of Physical Fitness and Sports Medicine. https://doi.org/10.1249/ MSS.0000000000000701

Driver, H. S., & Taylor, S. R. (2016). Exercise and sleep. Sleep Medicine Reviews, 10(4), 297-312. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smrv. 2006.11.004

Dumitrache, A. (2024). Study on children’s perception of urban sport. 100 Years of Excellence in Research and Education.

Dunn, A. L., Trivedi, M. H., & O’Neal, H. A. (2016). Physical activity dose-response effects on outcomes of depression and anxiety. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 33(6 Suppl), S587-S597. https://doi.org/10.1097/00005768-200106001-00027

Dunn, A. L., Trivedi, M. H., & O’Neal, H. A. (2020). Physical Activity Dose-Response Effects on Outcomes of Depression and Anxiety. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 126, 42-49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2020.05.013

Dunsky, A. (2019). The effect of balance and coordination exercises on quality of life in older adults: A mini-review. Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience, 11, 318. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnagi. 2019.00318

Eckel, R. H., Jakicic, J. M., Ard, J. D., de Jesus, J. M., Houston Miller, N., Hubbard, V. S., Lee, I. M., Lichtenstein, A. H., Loria, C. M., Millen, B. E., Nonas, C. A., Sacks, F. M., Smith, S. C., Svetkey, L. P., Wadden, T. A., & Yanovski, S. Z. (2014). 2013 AHA/ACC guideline on lifestyle management to reduce cardiovascular risk. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 63(25 Pt B), 2960–2984. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2013.11.003

Eijsvogels, T. M., Molossi, S., Lee, D. C., Emery, M. S., & Thompson, P. D. (2016). Exercise at the extremes: The amount of exercise to reduce cardiovascular events. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 67(3), 316-329. https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.jacc.2015.11.034

Eime, R. M., Young, J. A., Harvey, J. T., Charity, M. J., & Payne, W. R. (2013). A systematic review of the psychological and social benefits of participation in sport for children and adolescents: Informing development of a conceptual model of health through sport. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 10(1), 98. https://doi.org/10.1186/1479-5868-10-98

Ekelund, U., Tarp, J., Steene-Johannessen, J., Hansen, B. H., Jefferis, B., Wedderkopp, N., ... & Lee, I. M. (2019). Dose-Response Associations Between Accelerometry Measured Physical Activity and Mortality. BMJ, 366, l4570. https://doi.org/ 10.1136/bmj.l4570

Ekkekakis, P. (2017). Rethinking the Exercise and Mental Health Relationship: Moving Forward with Mixed Methods. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315755080

Ekkekakis, P., Parfitt, G., & Petruzzello, S. J. (2011). The pleasure and displeasure people feel when they exercise at different intensities: Decennial update and progress towards a tripartite rationale for exercise intensity prescription. Sports Medicine, 41(8), 641-671. https://doi.org/10.2165/11590680-0000000 00-00000

Erickson, K. I., Hillman, C. H., & Kramer, A. F. (2019). Physical Activity, Brain, and Cognition. Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences, 28, 87-93. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cobeha.2019.01.002

Erickson, K. I., Voss, M. W., Prakash, R. S., Basak, C., Szabo, A., Chaddock, L., ... & Kramer, A. F. (2011). Exercise training increases size of hippocampus and improves memory. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 108(7), 3017-3022. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1015950108

Ferguson-Stegall, L., & Robb, J. (2019). Effective Strategies to Increase Physical Activity in the Working Years. ACSM's Health & Fitness Journal.https://doi.org/10.1249/FIT.00000000000 00508

Fitzgerald, M., O’Malley, E., & MacMahon, S. (2017). Measuring physical activity with wearable technology: How it affects goal setting. Preventive Medicine Reports, 8, 121-126. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmedr.2017.03.012

Fleshner, M. (2005). Physical activity and stress resistance: Sympathetic nervous system adaptations prevent stress-induced immunosuppression. Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews, 33(3), 120-126. https://doi.org/10.1097/00003677-200507000-00004

Forster, H. A., Zaval, L., Jachimowicz, J. M., Berry, D., & Weber, E. U. (2020). Friends With Benefits: Social Accountability Increases Physical Activity. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/dkce2

Foster-Schubert, K. E., Alfano, C. M., Duggan, C. R., Xiao, L., Campbell, K. L., Kong, A., & McTiernan, A. (2012). Effect of diet and exercise, alone or combined, on weight and body composition in overweight-to-obese postmenopausal women. Obesity, 20(8), 1628-1638. https://doi.org/10.1038/oby.2011.76

Fox, A. J., Bedi, A., & Rodeo, S. A. (2012). The basic science of articular cartilage: structure, composition, and function. Sports Health, 4(4), 340-351. https://doi.org/10.1177/1941738112439549

Fox, K. R. (2020). The Influence of Physical Activity on Mental Well-being and Self-Perceptions. Psychology Press. https://doi. org/10.4324/9780203128693

Fragala, M. S., Kenny, A. M., & Kuchel, G. A. (2019). Muscle quality in aging: A multi-dimensional approach to muscle functioning with applications for treatment. Sports Medicine, 49(1), 77-87. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-019-01162-w

Franklin, B. A., & Lavie, C. J. (2020). Impact of exercise training on cardiac performance: Insights for improved functional capacity. Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases, 62(6), 509-514. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pcad.2020.03.005

Friedenreich, C. M., Neilson, H. K., & Lynch, B. M. (2011). State of the epidemiological evidence on physical activity and cancer prevention. European Journal of Cancer, 47(3), 259-269. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejca.2010.11.014

Friedenreich, C. M., Neilson, H. K., & Lynch, B. M. (2020). State of the Epidemiological Evidence on Physical Activity and Cancer Prevention. European Journal of Cancer, 50(4), 204-216. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejca.2013.10.016

Fritz, T., Huang, E. M., Murphy, G. C., & Zimmermann, T. (2014). Persuasive technology in the real world: A study of long-term use of activity sensing devices for fitness. Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, 487-496. https://doi.org/10.1145/2556288.2557383

Fuchs, R., Gerber, M., & Pühse, U. (2020). Long-Term Engagement in Physical Exercise and Its Impact on Positive Self-Concept. Journal of Sports Sciences, 38(5), 529-537. https://doi.org/10. 1080/02640414.2019.1699352

Füzéki, E., & Banzer, W. (2013). Activities of Daily Living and Health. Public Health Forum, 21, 4-6.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phf. 2013.03.002

Garber, C. E., Blissmer, B., Deschenes, M. R., Franklin, B. A., Lamonte, M. J., Lee, I.-M., ... & Swain, D. P. (2011). Quantity and quality of exercise for developing and maintaining cardiorespiratory, musculoskeletal, and neuromotor fitness in apparently healthy adults: Guidance for prescribing exercise. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 43(7), 1334-1359. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0b013e318213fefb

Garber, C. E., Blissmer, B., Deschenes, M. R., Franklin, B. A., Lamonte, M. J., Lee, I.-M., Nieman, D. C., & Swain, D. P. (2011). Quantity and quality of exercise for developing and maintaining cardiorespiratory, musculoskeletal, and neuromotor fitness in apparently healthy adults: Guidance for prescribing exercise. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 43(7), 1334-1359. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0b013e318213fefb

Garcia-Hermoso, A., Cavero-Redondo, I., Ramirez-Velez, R., Ruiz, J. R., Ortega, F. B., Lee, D. C., & Martinez-Vizcaino, V. (2016). Muscular Strength as a Predictor of All-Cause Mortality in Apparently Healthy Population: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Data from Approximately 2 Million Men and Women. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 99(10), 2100-2113. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmr.2018.01. 017

Gellert, P., Ziegelmann, J. P., Warner, L. M., & Schwarzer, R. (2011). Physical activity intervention in older adults: Does a participating partner make a difference?. European Journal of Ageing, 8, 211-219. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10433-011-0193-5

Giangregorio, L. M., McGill, S., Wark, J., Laprade, J., Heinonen, A., Ashe, M. C., & Cheung, A. M. (2014). Too fit to fracture: Exercise recommendations for individuals with osteoporosis or osteoporotic vertebral fracture. Osteoporosis International, 25(3), 821-835. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00198-013-2523-2

Gibala, M. J., Little, J. P., Macdonald, M. J., & Hawley, J. A. (2012). Physiological adaptations to low-volume, high-intensity interval training in health and disease. Journal of Physiology, 590(5), 1077-1084. https://doi.org/10.1113/jphysiol.2011. 224725

Gleeson, M., Bishop, N. C., Stensel, D. J., Lindley, M. R., Mastana, S. S., & Nimmo, M. A. (2011). The Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Exercise: Mechanisms and Implications for the Prevention and Treatment of Disease. Nature Reviews Immunology, 11(9), 607-615. https://doi.org/10.1038/nri3041

Golaszewski, N., LaCroix, A., Hooker, S., & Bartholomew, J. (2021). Group exercise membership is associated with forms of social support, exercise identity, and amount of physical activity. International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 20, 630-643. https://doi.org/10.1080/1612197X.2021.1891121

Goldspink, D. F., George, K. P., & Humphries, D. A. (2012). Physiological adaptations to sprint and endurance training in adults. Sports Medicine, 31(10), 741-776. https://doi.org/ 10.2165/00007256-200131100-00001

Goodpaster, B. H., Sparks, L. M., & Evans, W. J. (2014). Skeletal muscle lipid metabolism in obesity and type 2 diabetes: Relationship to insulin resistance. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 99(3), 613S-619S. https://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.113.073193

Gordon, B. R., McDowell, C. P., Lyons, M., Herring, M. P., & Meyer, J. D. (2018). The effects of resistance exercise training on anxiety: A meta-analysis and meta-regression analysis of randomized controlled trials. Sports Medicine, 47(12), 2521-2532. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-017-0769-0

Gordon, B., Chen, S., & Durstine, J. L. (2014). The effects of exercise training on the traditional lipid profile and beyond. Current Sports Medicine Reports, 13(4), 253–259. https://doi.org/10. 1249/JSR.0000000000000073

Granata, C., Oliveira, R. S. F., Little, J. P., Renner, K., & Bishop, D. J. (2018). Training intensity modulates changes in PGC-1α and p53 protein content and mitochondrial respiration, but not markers of mitochondrial content in human skeletal muscle. FASEB Journal, 32(1), 527-539. https://doi.org/10.1096/fj.201 700584R

Greco, G., Poli, L., Clemente, F., Francesco, F., & Cataldi, S. (2023). The Effectiveness of New Digital Technologies in Increasing Physical Activity Levels and Promoting Active and Healthy Ageing: A Narrative Review. Health & Social Care in the Community. https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/2803620

Green, D. J., Hopman, M. T. E., Padilla, J., Laughlin, M. H., & Thijssen, D. H. J. (2017). Vascular adaptation to exercise in humans: Role of hemodynamic stimuli. Physiological Reviews, 97(2), 495–528. https://doi.org/10.1152/physrev.00014.2016

Grogan, S. (2016). Body Image: Understanding Body Dissatisfaction in Men, Women, and Children (3rd ed.). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315681525

Gruber, M., & Gollhofer, A. (2014). Impact of sensorimotor training on the rate of force development and neural activation. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 114(4), 755-764. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-013-2797-1

Grundy, S. M., Cleeman, J. I., Daniels, S. R., Donato, K. A., Eckel, R. H., Franklin, B. A., ... & Costa, F. (2018). Diagnosis and Management of the Metabolic Syndrome: An American Heart Association/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Scientific Statement. Circulation, 112(17), 2735-2752. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.169404

Guo, L., Yang, C., You, Y., & Chen, S. (2014). Underlying mechanisms of Tai-Chi-Chuan training for improving balance ability in the elders. Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine, 20(3), 218-223. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11655-013-1533-4

Guralnik, J. M., Ferrucci, L., Simonsick, E. M., Salive, M. E., & Wallace, R. B. (2016). Lower-extremity function in persons over the age of 70 years as a predictor of subsequent disability. New England Journal of Medicine, 332(9), 556-561. https://doi.org/ 10.1056/NEJM199503023320902

Guthold, R., Stevens, G. A., Riley, L. M., et al. (2018). Worldwide trends in insufficient physical activity from 2001 to 2016: a pooled analysis of 358 population-based surveys with 1·9 million participants. The Lancet Global Health, 6(10), e1077-e1086. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(18)30357-7

Hackney, M. E., & Wolf, S. L. (2014). Impact of Tai Chi practice on balance and mobility in older adults: An integrative review. Journal of Geriatric Physical Therapy, 37(3), 127-134. https://doi.org/10.1519/JPT.0000000000000010

Hallgren, M., Helgadóttir, B., Herring, M. P., Zeebari, Z., Lindefors, N., Kaldo, V., & Forsell, Y. (2016). Exercise and internet-based cognitive–behavioural therapy for depression: Multicentre randomised controlled trial with 12-month follow-up. British Journal of Psychiatry, 209(5), 414-420. https://doi.org/ 10.1192/ bjp.bp.115.177576

Hamer, M., & Stamatakis, E. (2014). Physical activity and risk of cardiovascular disease events: The role of inflammatory markers. Mayo Clinic Proceedings, 89(5), 596–604. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mayocp.2014.01.024

Hannan, A., Shafiq, M., Hussain, F., & Pires, I. (2021). A Portable Smart Fitness Suite for Real-Time Exercise Monitoring and Posture Correction. Sensors (Basel, Switzerland). https://doi.org/ 10.3390/s21196692

Hawley, J. A., & Hargreaves, M. (2013). The skeletal muscle energy sensing and signaling pathways: importance for maintaining metabolic health. Physiology Reviews, 93(3), 803-845. https://doi.org/10.1152/physrev.00048.2012

Hazell, T. J., Olver, T. D., Hamilton, C. D., & Lemon, P. W. (2016). Two minutes of sprint-interval exercise elicits 24-hr oxygen consumption similar to that of 30 min of continuous endurance exercise. International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism, 26(4), 276-283. https://doi.org/ 10.1123/ijsnem.26.4.276

Hazell, T. J., Olver, T. D., Hamilton, C. D., & Lemon, P. W. (2012). Two minutes of sprint-interval exercise elicits 24-hr oxygen consumption similar to that of 30 min of continuous endurance exercise. International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism, 22(4), 276-283. https://doi.org/ 10.1123/ijsnem.22.4.276

Heath, G. W., Parra, D. C., Sarmiento, O. L., Andersen, L. B., Owen, N., Goenka, S., ... & Brownson, R. C. (2012). Evidence-based intervention in physical activity: Lessons from around the world. The Lancet, 380(9838), 272-281. https://doi.org/10. 1016/S0140-6736(12)60816-2

Hellsten, Y., & Nyberg, M. (2015). Cardiovascular Adaptations to Exercise Training. Comprehensive Physiology. https://doi.org /10.1002/cphy.c140080

Herbert, R. D., de Noronha, M., & Kamper, S. J. (2011). Stretching to prevent or reduce muscle soreness after exercise. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 7(7), CD004577. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD004577.pub3

Holloszy, J. O. (2018). Exercise-induced increase in muscle insulin sensitivity. Journal of Applied Physiology, 125(3), 827-831. https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.01052.2017

Holly, D., & Swanson, V. (2019). Barriers and facilitators of midwives' physical activity behaviour in hospital and community contexts in Scotland. Journal of Advanced Nursing. https://doi.org/10.1111/jan.14100

Houmard, J. A., Tanner, C. J., Slentz, C. A., Duscha, B. D., McCartney, J. S., & Kraus, W. E. (2011). Effect of the volume and intensity of exercise training on insulin sensitivity. Journal of Applied Physiology, 111(3), 831-838. https://doi.org/10.1152 /japplphysiol.00071.2011

Howe, T. E., Shea, B., Dawson, L. J., Downie, F., Murray, A., Ross, C., … & Creed, G. (2011). Exercise for preventing and treating osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2011(7), CD000333. https://doi.org/ 10.1002/14651858.CD000333.pub2

Huang, H., Yan, Z., Chen, Y., Liu, F., & Wu, W. (2021). Aerobic Exercise Alleviates Cognitive and Motor Impairments in Parkinson’s Disease through Mitigating Insulin Resistance. Neuroscience, 463, 52-63. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroscience.2021. 02.018

Hunter, D. J., & Eckstein, F. (2021). Exercise and osteoarthritis. Journal of Anatomy, 238(1), 185-197. https://doi.org/10.1111 /joa.13172

Hunter, G. R., Fisher, G., Neumeier, W. H., Carter, S. J., & Plaisance, E. P. (2015). Exercise training and energy expenditure following weight loss. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 47(9), 1950-1957. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000000621

Hunter, G. R., Fisher, G., Neumeier, W. H., Carter, S. J., & Plaisance, E. P. (2015). Exercise training and energy expenditure following weight loss. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 47(9), 1950-1957. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000000621

Hupin, D., Roche, F., Gremeaux, V., Chatard, J. C., Oriol, M., Gaspoz, J. M., & Barthélémy, J. C. (2015). Even a Low-Dose of Moderate-to-Vigorous Physical Activity Reduces Mortality by 22% in Adults Aged ≥60 Years: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 49(19), 1262-1267. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2014-094306

Huxel Bliven, K. C., & Anderson, B. E. (2013). Core stability training for injury prevention. Sports Health, 5(6), 514-522. https://doi.org/10.1177/1941738113502450

Iftikhar, I. H., Kline, C. E., Youngstedt, S. D., & Davis, J. M. (2014). Physical activity and sleep apnea: A systematic review. Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine, 10(7), 753-761. https://doi. org/10.5664/jcsm.3908

Ijsrem Journal. (2022). VIRTUAL FITNESS APPLICATION. International Journal of Scientific Research in Engineering and Management. https://doi.org/10.55041/ijsrem14473

Irvine, J., Zhao, H., Haennel, R. G., & Ma, Y. (2017). Exercise and insulin resistance: Effects of physical activity. Journal of Applied Physiology, 123(8), 815-821. https://doi.org/10. 1152/japplphysiol.02340.2017

Irwin, M. L., McTiernan, A., Vongruenigen, V., Manson, J. E., & Chlebowski, R. (2017). Physical activity and survival in women with breast cancer. Preventive Medicine, 46(6), 545-552. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2017.03.004

Jakicic, J. M., Rogers, R. J., Davis, K. K., & Collins, K. A. (2019). Role of physical activity and exercise in treating patients with overweight and obesity. Clinical Chemistry, 65(1), 55-68. https://doi.org/10.1373/clinchem.2018.286849

Jayakody, K., Gunadasa, S., & Hosker, C. (2014). Exercise for anxiety disorders: Systematic review. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 48(3), 187-196. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2012-091287

Jeukendrup, A. E. (2011). Fat metabolism during exercise: A review of recent findings. Sports Medicine, 41(3), 23-41. https://doi.org/10.2165/11586070-000000000-00000

Jiménez-Martín, P. J., & Meléndez-Ortega, A. (2013). A review of Tai Chi Chuan and parameters related to balance. European Journal of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, 49(3), 327-336. https://doi.org/10.23736/S1973-9087.18.04936-5

Joyner, M. J., & Casey, D. P. (2015). Regulation of increased blood flow (hyperemia) to muscles during exercise: A hierarchy of competing physiological needs. Physiological Reviews, 95(2), 549-601. https://doi.org/10.1152/physrev.00035.2013

Jung, M. E., Bourne, J. E., & Little, J. P. (2014). Where does HIT fit? An examination of the affective response to high-intensity intervals in comparison to continuous moderate- and continuous vigorous-intensity exercise in the exercise intensity-affect continuum. PLoS One, 9(12), e114541. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0114541

Kanaley, J. A., Colberg, S. R., Corcoran, M. H., Malin, S. K., Rodriguez, N. R., Crespo, C. J., Kirwan, J. P., & Zierath, J. R. (2022). Exercise/physical activity in individuals with type 2 diabetes: A consensus statement from the American College of Sports Medicine. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 54(2), 353–368. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000002800

Kanaley, J. A., & Sapienza, C. (2017). Exercise and insulin sensitivity in humans: The underlying mechanisms and the influence of dietary intake. Journal of Applied Physiology, 122(3), 747-755. https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00712.2016

Kandola, A., Ashdown-Franks, G., Hendrikse, J., Sabiston, C. M., & Stubbs, B. (2018). Physical activity and depression: Towards understanding the antidepressant mechanisms of physical activity. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 88, 151-158. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2018.03.010

Katzmarzyk, P. T. (2014). Standing and mortality in a prospective cohort of Canadian adults. Preventive Medicine, 69, 287-289. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmedr.2017.03.003

Kay, A. D., & Blazevich, A. J. (2012). Effect of acute static stretch on maximal muscle performance: A systematic review. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 44(1), 154-164. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0b013e318225cb27

Keating, S. E., Johnson, N. A., Mielke, G. I., & Coombes, J. S. (2014). A systematic review and meta-analysis of interval training versus moderate-intensity continuous training on body adiposity. Obesity Reviews, 15(6), 657-672. https://doi.org/10.1111/obr. 12199

Kelley, G. A., & Kelley, K. S. (2013). Impact of progressive resistance training on lipids and lipoproteins in adults: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Preventive Medicine, 57(5), 679–687. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2013.08.016

King, J. A., Miyashita, M., Wasse, L. K., & Stensel, D. J. (2013). Influence of prolonged treadmill running on appetite, energy intake, and circulating concentrations of acylated ghrelin. Appetite, 54(3), 369-376. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet. 2013.01.006

King, N. A., Horner, K., & Hills, A. P. (2012). Acute and long-term effects of exercise on appetite control and energy intake. Journal of Obesity, 2012, 157430. https://doi.org/10.1155/ 2012/157430

Kirkham, T. C., & Helderman, L. A. (2015). The neurobiology of appetite control: Dopaminergic pathways and reward sensitivity. Neuropsychopharmacology Reviews, 11(9), 148-157. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropharm.2015.07.001

Kline, C. E. (2014). The bidirectional relationship between exercise and sleep: Implications for exercise adherence and sleep improvement. American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine, 8(6), 375-379. https://doi.org/10.1177/1559827614544437

Kline, C. E., Crowley, E. P., Ewing, G. B., Burch, J. B., & Youngstedt, S. D. (2011). The effect of exercise training on obstructive sleep apnea and sleep quality: A randomized controlled trial. Sleep, 34(12), 1631-1640. https://doi.org/10.5665/sleep.1422

Kodama, S., Tanaka, S., Saito, K., Shu, M., Sone, Y., Onitake, F., Hanyu, O., Hara, K., & Yamada, N. (2013). Effect of aerobic exercise training on serum levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol: A meta-analysis. Archives of Internal Medicine, 167(10), 999–1008. https://doi.org/10.1001/archinte.167. 10.999

Koller, A., Laughlin, M., Cenko, E., de Wit, C., Toth, K., Bugiardini, R., ... & Duncker, D. (2021). Functional and structural adaptations of the coronary macro- and micro-vasculature to regular aerobic exercise. Cardiovascular Research. https://doi.org/ 10.1093/cvr/cvab246

Kovacevic, A., Mavros, Y., Heisz, J. J., Fiatarone Singh, M. A., & Hillman, C. H. (2018). The effect of resistance training on sleep: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Sleep Medicine Reviews, 39, 52-68. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smrv.2017.07.002

Kraemer, W. J., & Ratamess, N. A. (2004). Fundamentals of resistance training: Progression and exercise prescription. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 36(4), 674-688. https://doi.org/10.1249/01.mss.0000121945.36635.61

Kredlow, M. A., Capozzoli, M. C., Hearon, B. A., Calkins, A. W., & Otto, M. W. (2015). The effects of physical activity on sleep: A meta-analytic review. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 38(3), 427-449. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10865-015-9617-6

Kujala, U. M., Kettunen, J., Paananen, H., Aalto, T., Battie, M. C., Impivaara, O., … & Taimela, S. (2019). Knee osteoarthritis and physical activity: a review of the evidence. Journal of Aging and Physical Activity, 27(1), 12-26. https://doi.org/10.1123/japa. 2017-0033

Kvam, S., Kleppe, C. L., Nordhus, I. H., & Hovland, A. (2016). Exercise as a treatment for depression: A meta-analysis. Journal of Affective Disorders, 202, 67-86. https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.jad.2016.03.063

LaCroix, A. S., Duenwald-Kuehl, S. E., Brickson, S. L., Akins, J. S., & Haut, R. C. (2015). Tendon adaptation to treadmill exercise in an equine model. Journal of Biomechanics, 48(11), 2955-2961. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiomech.2015.07.018

Lai, H. P. H., Do, P. P., & Warburton, D. (2017). Integrating aerobic and musculoskeletal training can prevent the vicious cycle of physical inactivity and functional decline: Knowledge translation of clinical exercise rehabilitation for stroke survivors. The Health & Fitness Journal of Canada, 10(1), 23–28. https://doi.org/10.14288/HFJC.V10I1.226

Lang, C., Kalak, N., Brand, S., Holsboer-Trachsler, E., & Pühse, U. (2013). The impact of resistance exercise on sleep in young adults: A randomized, controlled trial. Journal of Sports Sciences, 31(3), 284-290. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414. 2012.733019

Lee, I. M., Shiroma, E. J., Lobelo, F., et al. (2012). Effect of physical inactivity on major non-communicable diseases worldwide: an analysis of burden of disease and life expectancy. The Lancet, 380(9838), 219-229. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61031-9

Lee, I. M., Shiroma, E. J., Lobelo, F., Puska, P., Blair, S. N., & Katzmarzyk, P. T. (2012). Effect of physical inactivity on major non-communicable diseases worldwide: An analysis of burden of disease and life expectancy. The Lancet, 380(9838), 219-229. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61031-9

Lelard, T., Doutrellot, P. L., David, P., & Ahmaidi, S. (2010). Effects of a 12-week Tai Chi Chuan program on postural control and walking ability in older people. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 91(5), 899-905. https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.apmr.2010.01.027

Li, F., Harmer, P., & Fitzgerald, K. (2018). Tai chi and postural stability in older people: A randomized controlled trial. Journal of Aging and Physical Activity, 26(1), 108-115. https://doi.org /10.1123/japa.2017-0090

Libby, P. (2012). Inflammation in atherosclerosis. Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology, 32(9), 2045–2051. https://doi.org/10.1161/ATVBAHA.108.179705

Libby, P., Ridker, P. M., & Hansson, G. K. (2018). Inflammation in atherosclerosis: From pathophysiology to practice. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 72(15), 1731–1740. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2018.08.1038

Liu, H., & Frank, A. (2010). Tai Chi as a balance improvement exercise for older adults: A systematic review. Journal of Geriatric Physical Therapy, 33(2), 103-109. https://doi.org/10.1519/ JPT.0b013e3181d9b224

Liu, S., & Willoughby, J. (2018). Do Fitness Apps Need Text Reminders? An Experiment Testing Goal-Setting Text Message Reminders to Promote Self-Monitoring. Journal of Health Communication, 23, 379-386. https://doi.org/10.1080/1081 0730.2018.1455768

Locke, E. A., & Latham, G. P. (2013). New developments in goal setting and task performance. Routledge. https://doi.org /10.4324/9780203082742

Loprinzi, P. D., & Cardinal, B. J. (2011). Effects of physical activity on sleep quality and difficulty: Results from a national sample of adults from the United States. American Journal of Health Promotion, 26(3), 197-204. https://doi.org/10.4278/ajhp. 100115-QUAN-18

Macedonia, M., Mathias, B., Rodella, C., & Andrä, C. (2024). Reduction in physical activity during COVID-19 lockdowns predicts individual differences in cognitive performance. Acta Psychologica. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actpsy.2024.103267

Magnusson, S. P., Hansen, P., & Kjaer, M. (2016). Tendon properties in relation to muscular activity and physical training. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports, 27(1), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.12661

Malin, S. K., & Kirwan, J. P. (2016). Splanchnic insulin sensitivity after exercise training: Mechanisms and influence on glycemic control. American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism, 311(5), E676-E685. https://doi.org/10.1152/ ajpendo.00227.2016

Mammen, G., & Faulkner, G. (2013). Physical activity and the prevention of depression: A systematic review of prospective studies. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 45(5), 649-657. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2013.08.001

Mandolesi, L., Polverino, A., Montuori, S., Foti, F., Ferraioli, G., Sorrentino, P., & Sorrentino, G. (2018). Effects of physical exercise on cognitive functioning and well-being: Biological and psychological benefits. Frontiers in Psychology, 9, 509. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00509

Mann, S., Beedie, C., & Jimenez, A. (2014). Differential effects of aerobic exercise, resistance training, and combined exercise modalities on cholesterol and the lipid profile: review, synthesis and recommendations. Sports Medicine, 44(2), 211-221. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-013-0110-5

Mann, T. N., Lamberts, R. P., & Lambert, M. I. (2013). High-intensity interval training and endurance-training adaptions: Implications for performance and health. Sports Medicine, 43(10), 839-854. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-013-0052-x

McDowell, C. P., Dishman, R. K., Gordon, B. R., & Herring, M. P. (2019). Physical activity and anxiety: A systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 57(4), 545-556. https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.amepre.2019.05.012

McGill, S. M. (2016). Low back disorders: Evidence-based prevention and rehabilitation (3rd ed.). Human Kinetics. https://doi.org/10.5040/9781492583742

Mikkelsen, K., Stojanovska, L., Polenakovic, M., Bosevski, M., & Apostolopoulos, V. (2017). Exercise and mental health. Maturitas, 106, 48-56. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.maturitas. 2017.09.003

Montero, D., Cathomen, A., Jacobs, R., Flück, D., Leur, J., Keiser, S., ... & Lundby, C. (2015). Haematological rather than skeletal muscle adaptations contribute to the increase in peak oxygen uptake induced by moderate endurance training. The Journal of Physiology. https://doi.org/10.1113/JP270250

Montero, D., Vinet, A., & Pyke, K. E. (2014). Endothelial function response to acute exercise in healthy subjects: A meta-analysis. Sports Medicine, 44(4), 399–419. https://doi.org/10. 1007/s40279-013-0126-0

Moore, S. C., Lee, I. M., Weiderpass, E., & Campbell, P. T. (2016). Association of leisure-time physical activity with risk of 26 types of cancer in 1.44 million adults. JAMA Internal Medicine, 176(6), 816-825. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamainternmed. 2016.1548

Morgan, N., Irwin, M. R., Chung, M., & Wang, C. (2013). The effects of mind-body therapies on the immune system: Meta-analysis. PLoS One, 9(7), e100903. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal. pone.0100903

Morris, J. H., Van Wijck, F., Joice, S., Barr, J., & Mead, G. (2017). A description and analysis of the movement patterns of people with stroke within the first four weeks of discharge from hospital. Physiotherapy, 103(2), 163–170. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.physio.2016.03.005

Morrison, L., McDonough, M., Zimmer, C., Din, C., Hewson, J., Toohey, A., Crocker, P., & Bennett, E. (2023). Instructor Social Support in the Group Physical Activity Context: Older Participants' Perspectives. Journal of Aging and Physical Activity, 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1123/japa.2022-0140

Morton, R. W., Oikawa, S. Y., Wavell, C. G., Mazara, N., McGlory, C., Quadrilatero, J., … & Phillips, S. M. (2016). Neither load nor systemic hormones determine resistance training-mediated hypertrophy or strength gains in resistance-trained young men. Journal of Applied Physiology, 121(1), 129-138. https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00154.2016

Motl, R. W., & Sandroff, B. M. (2015). Benefits of exercise training in multiple sclerosis. Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports, 15(9), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11910-015-0585-6

Moylan, S., Eyre, H. A., Maes, M., Baune, B. T., Jacka, F. N., & Berk, M. (2013). Exercise and inflammation: Chronic inflammation in the genesis and perpetuation of depression and anxiety. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 4, 27. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt. 2013.00027

Mujika, I., Halson, S., Burke, L. M., Balagué, G., & Farrow, D. (2018). An integrated, multifactorial approach to periodization for optimal performance

Murias, J., Kowalchuk, J., & Paterson, D. (2010). Time course and mechanisms of adaptations in cardiorespiratory fitness with endurance training in older and young men. Journal of Applied Physiology. https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol. 01152.2009

Marschin, V., & Herbert, C. (2021). Yoga, dance, team sports, or individual sports: Does the type of exercise matter? An online study investigating the relationships between different types of exercise, body image, and well-being in regular exercise practitioners. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 621272. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.621272

Ju 2009 Neeland, I. J., Poirier, P., & Després, J. P. (2019). Cardiovascular and metabolic heterogeneity of obesity: Clinical challenges and implications for management. Circulation, 140(4), 236-250. https://doi.org/10.1161/ CIRCULATIONAHA.118.037184

Neil-Sztramko, S., Gotay, C., Sabiston, C., Demers, P., & Campbell, K. C. (2017). Feasibility of a telephone and web-based physical activity intervention for women shift workers. Translational Behavioral Medicine. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13142-017-0471-7

Nelson, M. E., Rejeski, W. J., Blair, S. N., Duncan, P. W., Judge, J. O., King, A. C., ... & Castaneda-Sceppa, C. (2011). Physical activity and public health in older adults: Recommendation from the American College of Sports Medicine and the American Heart Association. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 39(8), 1435-1445. https://doi.org/10.1249/mss.0b013e3180616aa2

Nicklas, B. J., Ambrosius, W. T., Messier, S. P., Miller, G. D., Penninx, B. W., Loeser, R. F., & Pahor, M. (2013). Diet-induced weight loss, exercise, and chronic inflammation in older, obese adults: A randomized controlled clinical trial. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 79(4), 544-551. https://doi.org/10.1093/ ajcn/79.4.544

Niemann, C., Godde, B., & Voelcker-Rehage, C. (2014). Not only cardiovascular, but also coordinative exercise increases hippocampal volume in older adults. Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience, 6, 170. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnagi.2014. 00170

Oda, S., & Shirakawa, K. (2014). Sleep onset is delayed following pre-sleep exercise that causes large physiological excitement at bedtime. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 114(7), 1439-1449. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-014-2873-6

Ohkawara, K., Tanaka, S., Miyachi, M., Ishikawa-Takata, K., & Tabata, I. (2011). A dose–response relation between aerobic exercise and visceral fat reduction: Systematic review of clinical trials. International Journal of Obesity, 31(12), 1786-1797. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.ijo.0803667

Oja, P., Titze, S., Bauman, A., de Geus, B., Krenn, P., Reger-Nash, B., & Kohlberger, T. (2011). Health benefits of cycling: A systematic review. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports, 21(4), 496-509. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0838.2011. 01299.x

Owen, N., Healy, G. N., Matthews, C. E., & Dunstan, D. W. (2010). Too much sitting: The population-health science of sedentary behavior. Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews, 38(3), 105-113. https://doi.org/10.1097/JES.0b013e3181e373a2

Page, P. (2012). Current concepts in muscle stretching for exercise and rehabilitation. International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy, 7(1), 109-119. https://doi.org/10.26603/ijspt201 20109

Papegaaij, S., Taube, W., Hogenhout, M., Baudry, S., & Hortobágyi, T. (2016). Aging causes a reorganization of cortical and spinal control of posture. Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience, 8, 73. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnagi.2016.00073

Pascoe, M. C., & Parker, A. G. (2019). Physical activity and exercise as a universal depression prevention in young people: A narrative review. Early Intervention in Psychiatry, 13(4), 733-739. https://doi.org/10.1111/eip.12737

Pascoe, M. C., Thompson, D. R., Castle, D. J., & Jenkins, Z. M. (2020). Yoga, mindfulness-based stress reduction and stress-related physiological measures: A meta-analysis. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 110, 104421. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2019.104421

Pasquali, R., Vicennati, V., Cacciari, M., & Pagotto, U. (2006). The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activity in obesity and the metabolic syndrome. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1083(1), 111-128. https://doi.org/10.1196/annals. 1367.009

Passos, G. S., Poyares, D., Santana, M. G., D’Aurea, C. V., Youngstedt, S. D., Tufik, S., & de Mello, M. T. (2012). Effects of moderate aerobic exercise training on chronic primary insomnia. Sleep Medicine, 12(10), 1018-1027. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sleep. 2012.08.004

Pedersen, B. K., & Saltin, B. (2015). Exercise as medicine – Evidence for prescribing exercise as therapy in 26 different chronic diseases. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports, 25(S3), 1-72. https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.12581

Pels, F., & Kleinert, J. (2016). Loneliness and physical activity: A systematic review. International Review of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 9(1), 231-260. https://doi.org/10.1080/1750984X. 2016.1177849

Penn, I. W., Sung, W. H., Lin, C. H., Chuang, E., & Chuang, T. Y. (2019). Effects of individualized Tai-Chi on balance and lower-limb strength in older adults. BMC Geriatrics, 19(1), 125. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-019-1250-8

Pereira, D. S., Lima, L. M., Rocha, N. P., Souza, D. M. D., & Pereira, D. A. G. (2017). The impact of physical activity on mood and cortisol levels in older adults: A randomized controlled trial. Journal of Aging and Physical Activity, 25(1), 67-72. https://doi.org/10.1123/japa.2016-0137

Périard, J., Travers, G., Racinais, S., & Sawka, M. (2016). Cardiovascular adaptations supporting human exercise-heat acclimation. Autonomic Neuroscience. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.autneu.2016.02.002

Phillips, C. (2017). Brain-derived neurotrophic factor, depression, and physical activity: Making the neuroplastic connection. Neural Plasticity, 2017, 7260130. https://doi.org/10.1155/ 2017/7260130

Phillips, S. A., & Jenkins, N. T. (2020). Mechanisms of increased risk of cardiovascular disease in obesity and type 2 diabetes: Role of impaired nitric oxide production. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 21(21), 7695. https://doi.org/10.3390/ ijms21217695

Phillips, S. M., & Winett, R. A. (2010). Uncomplicated resistance training and health-related outcomes: evidence for a public health mandate. Current Sports Medicine Reports, 9(4), 208-213. https://doi.org/10.1249/JSR.0b013e3181e7a8ea

Phillips, S. M., & Winett, R. A. (2010). Uncomplicated resistance training and health-related outcomes: evidence for a public health mandate. Current Sports Medicine Reports, 9(4), 208-213. https://doi.org/10.1249/JSR.0b013e3181e7a8ea

Piepoli, M. F., Hoes, A. W., Agewall, S., et al. (2016). European guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice. European Heart Journal, 37(29), 2315-2381. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehw106

Piercy, K. L., Troiano, R. P., Ballard, R. M., Carlson, S. A., Fulton, J. E., Galuska, D. A., ... & Olson, R. D. (2018). The physical activity guidelines for Americans. JAMA, 320(19), 2020-2028. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2018.14854

Piercy, K. L., Troiano, R. P., Ballard, R. M., Carlson, S. A., Fulton, J. E., Galuska, D. A., & Olson, R. D. (2018). The physical activity guidelines for Americans. JAMA, 320(19), 2020-2028. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2018.14854

Polyzos, S. A., Kountouras, J., & Mantzoros, C. S. (2013). Adiponectin in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: from pathophysiology to treatment. Metabolism: Clinical and Experimental, 62(9), 1233-1241. https://doi.org/10.1016 /j.metabol.2013.04.005

Pontifex, M. B., Saliba, B. J., Raine, L. B., Picchietti, D. L., & Hillman, C. H. (2013). Exercise improves behavioral, neurocognitive, and scholastic performance in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Journal of Pediatrics, 162(3), 543-551. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpeds.2012.08.036

Rackow, P., Scholz, U., & Hornung, R. (2014). Effects of a new sports companion on received social support and physical exercise: An intervention study. Applied Psychology. Health and Well-Being, 6(3), 300-317. https://doi.org/10.1111/aphw.12029

Raleigh, J. P., Giles, M. D., Islam, H., Nelms, M. W., Bentley, R., Jones, J. H., ... & Gurd, B. (2018). Contribution of central and peripheral adaptations to changes in maximal oxygen uptake following 4 weeks of sprint interval training. Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism. https://doi.org/10. 1139/apnm-2017-0864

Ratamess, N. A., Alvar, B. A., Evetoch, T. K., Housh, T. J., Kibler, W. B., Kraemer, W. J., & Triplett, N. T. (2012). Progression models in resistance training for healthy adults. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 41(3), 687-708. https://doi.org/10. 1249/mss.0b013e3181915670

Reid, K. J., Baron, K. G., Lu, B., Naylor, E., Wolfe, L., & Zee, P. C. (2010). Aerobic exercise improves self-reported sleep and quality of life in older adults with insomnia. Sleep Medicine, 11(9), 934-940. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sleep.2010.04.014

Reid, K. J., Santostasi, G., Baron, K. G., Wilson, J., Kang, J., & Zee, P. C. (2013). Timing and intensity of light correlate with body weight and sleep duration. Sleep, 36(6), 861-867. https://doi.org/10.5665/sleep.2702

Reiner, M., Niermann, C., Jekauc, D., & Woll, A. (2013). Long-term health benefits of physical activity–a systematic review of longitudinal studies. BMC Public Health, 13, 813. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-13-813

Rheaume, C., Arsenault, B. J., Belanger, C., Pérusse, L., Tremblay, A., Bouchard, C., & Després, J. P. (2011). Low cardiorespiratory fitness levels and elevated blood pressure: What is the contribution of visceral adiposity? Hypertension, 58(6), 1034-1040. https://doi.org/10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.111.1768 18

Robinson, S., Bisson, A., Hughes, M., Ebert, J., & Lachman, M. (2018). Time for change: using implementation intentions to promote physical activity in a randomised pilot trial. Psychology & Health. https://doi.org/10.1080/08870446.2018.1539487

Ross, R., Hudson, R., Stotz, P. J., & Lam, M. (2015). Effects of exercise amount and intensity on abdominal obesity and glucose tolerance in obese adults: A randomized trial. Annals of Internal Medicine, 162(5), 325-334. https://doi.org/10. 7326/M14-1189

Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2017). Self-determination theory: Basic psychological needs in motivation, development, and wellness. Guilford Press. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11031-016-9575-9

Ryde, G. C., Atkinson, P., Stead, M., Gorely, T., & Evans, J. M. M. (2020). Physical activity in paid work time for desk-based employees: a qualitative study of employers’ and employees’ perspectives. BMC Public Health. https://doi.org/10.1186/ s12889-020-08580-1

Safi, A., Cole, M., Kelly, A., Zariwala, M., & Walker, N. (2022). Workplace physical activity barriers and facilitators: A qualitative study based on employees physical activity levels. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. ttps://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19159442

Salami, S., Bandeira, P. F. R., Mashhadi, M. R. (2024). Associations between biological maturation and motor competence in prepubertal children. Children, ResearchGate. https://www.r esearchgate.net/publication/384199104

Sallis, J. F., Cerin, E., Conway, T. L., Adams, M. A., Frank, L. D., Pratt, M., ... & Reis, R. (2016). Physical activity in relation to urban environments in 14 cities worldwide: A cross-sectional study. The Lancet, 387(10034), 2207-2217. https://doi.org/10. 1016/S0140-6736(15)01039-3

Salmon, P. (2001). Effects of physical exercise on anxiety, depression, and sensitivity to stress: A unifying theory. Clinical Psychology Review, 21(1), 33-61. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0272-7358(99)00032-X

Schoenfeld, B. J. (2013). Potential mechanisms for a role of metabolic stress in hypertrophic adaptations to resistance training. Sports Medicine, 43(3), 179-194. https://doi.org/10.1007/ s40279-013-0017-1

Schubert, M. M., Sabapathy, S., Leveritt, M., & Desbrow, B. (2013). Acute exercise and hormones related to appetite regulation: A meta-analysis. Sports Medicine, 44(3), 387-403. https://doi. org/10.1007/s40279-013-0120-6

Schuch, F. B., Vancampfort, D., Firth, J., & Rosenbaum, S. (2016). Physical activity and incident depression: A meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. American Journal of Psychiatry, 175(7), 631-648. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.2018.1711 1194

Schuch, F. B., Vancampfort, D., Firth, J., Rosenbaum, S., Ward, P. B., Silva, E. S., ... & Stubbs, B. (2016). Physical activity and incident depression: A meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. American Journal of Psychiatry, 175(7), 631-648. https:// doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.2018.17111194

Siddiqui, N., Nessa, A., & Hossain, M. (2010). Regular Physical Exercise: Way to Healthy Life. Mymensingh Medical Journal.

Simons, D., de Bourdeaudhuij, I., Clarys, P., De Cocker, K., Vandelanotte, C., & Deforche, B. (2018). A Smartphone App to Promote an Active Lifestyle in Lower-Educated Working Young Adults: Development, Usability, Acceptability, and Feasibility Study. JMIR mHealth and uHealth. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.2196/mhealth.8287

Singh, N. A., & Clements, K. M. (2012). The effectiveness of physical exercise as a treatment for depression in older adults: A meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology, 25(3), 152-161. https://doi.org/ 10.1177/ 0891988712448852

Smith, A. E., Williams, T. D., & Wright, H. H. (2021). The influence of physical activity on the relationship between emotional regulation and well-being. Journal of Health Psychology, 26(12), 2196-2207. https://doi.org/10.1177/135910532093 9563

stabrooks, P. A., Harden, S. M., & Almeida, F. A. (2012). Group dynamics in physical activity promotion: What works? Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 6(1), 18-40. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-9004.2011.00409.x

Stillman, C. M., Cohen, J., Lehman, M. E., & Erickson, K. I. (2020). Mediators of physical activity on neurocognitive function: A review at multiple levels of analysis. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 14, 229. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2020. 00229

Stonerock, G. L., Hoffman, B. M., Smith, P. J., & Blumenthal, J. A. (2015). Exercise as treatment for anxiety: Systematic review and analysis. Annals of Behavioral Medicine, 49(4), 542-556. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12160-014-9685-9

Straker, L., Mathiassen, S. E., & Holtermann, A. (2018). The importance of physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness for optimal health: The case for occupational physical activity. Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment & Health, 44(4), 389-393. https://doi.org/10.5271/sjweh.3730

Strasser, B., & Schobersberger, W. (2011). Evidence for resistance training as a treatment therapy in obesity. Journal of Obesity, 2011, 482564. https://doi.org/10.1155/2011/482564

Stutz, J., Eiholzer, R., & Spengler, C. M. (2019). Effects of evening exercise on sleep in healthy participants: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Sports Medicine, 49(2), 269-287. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-018-1015-0

Sullivan, A., & Lachman, M. (2017). Behavior Change with Fitness Technology in Sedentary Adults: A Review of the Evidence for Increasing Physical Activity. Frontiers in Public Health, 4. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2016.00289

Swift, D. L., Johannsen, N. M., Lavie, C. J., Earnest, C. P., & Church, T. S. (2014). The role of exercise and physical activity in weight loss and maintenance. Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases, 56(4), 441-447. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pcad.2013.09.012

Telama, R., Yang, X., Leskinen, E., Kankaanpää, A., Hirvensalo, M., Tammelin, T., ... & Raitakari, O. T. (2014). Tracking of physical activity from early childhood through youth into adulthood. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 46(5), 955-962. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000000181

Thompson, W. R. (2019). Worldwide survey of fitness trends for 2019. ACSM's Health & Fitness Journal, 23(6), 10-17. https://doi.org/10.1249/FIT.0000000000000479

Thompson, W. R., Gordon, N. F., & Pescatello, L. S. (Eds.). (2013). ACSM's Guidelines for Exercise Testing and Prescription. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. https://doi.org/10.1249/ 01.MSS.0000422739.77597.8d

Tremblay, M. S., Aubert, S., Barnes, J. D., Saunders, T. J., Carson, V., Latimer-Cheung, A. E., ... & Chastin, S. F. M. (2017). Sedentary behavior research network (SBRN)–Terminology consensus project process and outcome. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 14(1), 75. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12966-017-0525-8

Tremblay, M. S., Colley, R. C., Saunders, T. J., Healy, G. N., & Owen, N. (2011). Physiological and health implications of a sedentary lifestyle. Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, 35(6), 725-740. https://doi.org/10.1139/H11-079

Vallance, J. K., Buman, M. P., Lynch, B. M., Boyle, T., & Courneya, K. S. (2018). Associations of objectively-assessed physical activity and sedentary time with sleep quality in colorectal cancer survivors. Mental Health and Physical Activity, 14, 36-39. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mhpa.2017.12.001

van der Ploeg, H. P., Chey, T., Korda, R. J., Banks, E., & Bauman, A. (2012). Sitting time and all-cause mortality risk in 222,497 Australian adults. Archives of Internal Medicine, 172(6), 494-500. https://doi.org/10.1001/archinternmed.2011.2174

Van Gaal, L. F., Mertens, I. L., & De Block, C. E. (2008). Mechanisms linking obesity with cardiovascular disease. Nature, 444(7121), 875-880. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature05487

Venables, M. C., & Jeukendrup, A. E. (2012). Endurance training and obesity: Effectiveness of training for weight loss. Sports Medicine, 42(2), 151-165. https://doi.org/10.2165/11596920-000000000-00000

Venditti, E., Wylie-Rosett, J., Delahanty, L., Mele, L., Hoskin, M., & Edelstein, S. (2014). Short and long-term lifestyle coaching approaches used to address diverse participant barriers to weight loss and physical activity adherence. The International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity. https://doi.org/10.1186/1479-5868-11-16

Vissers, D., Hens, W., Taeymans, J., Baeyens, J. P., Poortmans, J., & Van Gaal, L. (2013). The effect of exercise on visceral adipose tissue in overweight adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One, 8(2), e56415. https://doi.org/10.1371/ journal.pone.0056415

Vivar, C., & van Praag, H. (2017). Running changes the brain: The long and the short of it. Progress in Brain Research, 234, 1-25. https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.pbr.2017.06.001

Warburton, D. E., & Bredin, S. S. (2017). Health benefits of physical activity: A systematic review of current systematic reviews. Current Opinion in Cardiology, 32(5), 541-556. https://doi.org/ 10.1097/HCO.0000000000000437

Warburton, D. E., & Bredin, S. S. (2017). Health benefits of physical activity: A systematic review of current systematic reviews. Current Opinion in Cardiology, 32(5), 541-556. https://doi.org /10.1097/HCO.0000000000000437

Watson, S. L., Weeks, B. K., Weis, L. J., Harding, A. T., & Beck, B. R. (2018). High-intensity resistance and impact training improves bone mineral density and physical function in postmenopausal women with osteopenia and osteoporosis: The LIFTMOR randomized controlled trial. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, 33(2), 211-220. https://doi.org/10.1002/ jbmr.3284

Westcott, W. L. (2012). Resistance training is medicine: Effects of strength training on health. Current Sports Medicine Reports, 11(4), 209-216. https://doi.org/10.1249/JSR.0b013e31825d abb8

Westcott, W. L. (2012). Resistance training is medicine: Effects of strength training on health. Current Sports Medicine Reports, 11(4), 209-216. https://doi.org/10.1249/JSR.0b013e31825 dabb8

Wewege, M., van den Berg, R., Ward, R. E., & Keech, A. (2017). The effects of high-intensity interval training vs. moderate-intensity continuous training on body composition in overweight and obese adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Obesity Reviews, 18(6), 635-646. https://doi.org/10. 1111/obr.12532

Willis, L. H., Slentz, C. A., Bateman, L. A., Shields, A. T., Piner, L. W., Bales, C. W., & Kraus, W. E. (2012). Effects of aerobic and/or resistance training on body mass and fat mass in overweight or obese adults. Journal of Applied Physiology, 113(12), 1831-1837. https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.01370.2011

World Health Organization. (2020). WHO guidelines on physical activity and sedentary behaviour. https://doi.org/10. 1136/ bjsports-2020-102955

Youngstedt, S. D. (2019). Effects of exercise on sleep. Clinics in Sports Medicine, 24(2), 355-365. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csm.2004. 12.003