ILMU AL-LUGHAH: Teoritis dan Praktis Linguistik Arab

Penulis

Mahyudin Ritonga
Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Barat

Kata Kunci:

Ilmu, Al-Lughah

Sinopsis

Buku berjudul Ilmu Al-Lughah: Teoritis Dan Praktis Linguistik Arab ini hadir di hadapan para pembaca, khususnya mahasiswa program studi Bahasa dan Sastra Arab, Pendidikan Bahasa Arab, dan studi Islam, dengan harapan dapat menjadi pemandu dalam menjelajahi kekayaan dan kompleksitas struktur bahasa Arab melalui kacamata ilmiah. Penulis berharap buku ini tidak hanya menjadi sumber pengetahuan, tetapi juga pemicu rasa ingin tahu dan semangat untuk melakukan kajian lebih lanjut dalam bidang linguistik Arab. Materi yang disajikan diupayakan agar komunikatif dan relevan dengan perkembangan zaman, tanpa meninggalkan akar tradisi keilmuan Islam yang agung. Semoga setiap babnya mampu membuka wawasan baru dan memberikan keterampilan analitis yang dibutuhkan di era global ini. Hadirnya buku ini dapat dijadikan sebagai rujukan dalam perkuliahan Linguistik disemua program studi bidang pendidikan bahasa maupun kebahasaan. Selamat membaca!

Bab

  • PRAKATA
  • KATA PENGANTAR
  • DAFTAR ISI
  • 1 PENGANTAR ILMU AL-LUGHAH
  • 2 FONOLOGI BAHASA ARAB
  • 3 MORFOLOGI BAHASA ARAB (SARF)
  • 4 SINTAKSIS BAHASA ARAB (NAHWU)
  • 5 SEMANTIK BAHASA ARAB
  • 6 ANALISIS TEKS ARAB KLASIK
  • 7 ANALISIS KESALAHAN BERBAHASA (AL-LAHN)
  • 8 DIALEK ARAB DAN PENGARUHNYA
  • 9 LINGUISTIK MODERN DAN ANALISIS WACANA
  • 10 PENERJEMAHAN TEKS ARAB
  • 11 BAHASA ARAB DAN TEKNOLOGI
  • 12 ANALISIS KONTRASTIF BAHASA ARAB
  • 13 EVALUASI PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA ARAB
  • 14 PRAKTIK DAN APLIKASI ILMU AL-LUGHAH
  • REFERENSI
  • GLOSARIUM
  • PROFIL PENULIS

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Biografi Penulis

Mahyudin Ritonga, Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Barat

Mahyudin Ritonga merupakan guru besar bidang Kajian Islam dengan Fokus keilmuan Pendidikan Bahasa Arab, dia mencapai puncak karir akademik dalam usia yang relatif muda yakni pada usia 40 Tahun. Pria kelahiran 19 November 1982 ini merupakan putra asli dari Desa Purbatua, Kecamatan Aek Bilah Kabupaten Tapanuli Selatan, Sumatera Utara. Anak dari Pasangan alm. KH. Jalel Ritonga dan almh. Siti Nur Aminah Dalimunthe ini memulai pendidikannya di SDN 142884 Purbatua, kemudian melanjutkan pendidikan di MTs Ihyaul Ulum Purbasinomba, dan jenjang MA diselesaikan di MAS Darussalam Parmeraan. Sementara jenjang Sarjana (2004-2008) dan Magister (2008-2010) diselesaikan di IAIN Imam Bonjol Padang, dan pendidikan S3 (2011-2013) ditempuh dan diraih di Sekolah Pascasarjana UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta. Suami dari Dr. Yetmaneli, S.Pt, MP ini merupakan ayah dari Rafiq Al-Fauzi Ritonga, alm. Namora Saidul Zuhdi Ritonga, Dede Putra Rahim Ritonga dan Muhammad Nailun Nabah Ritonga. Aktifitasnya saat ini fokus sebagai dosen di Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Barat. Dalam pengelolaan perguruan tinggi, dia telah mendapatkan amanah sebagai Ketua Program Studi Pendidikan Bahasa Arab di Fakultas Agama Islam, dan dalam dua periode diamanahkan sebagai Direktur Pascasarjana Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Barat. Sebagai akademisi, dia aktif dalam melakukan penelitian dan pengabdian, baik yang didanai oleh kementerian agama Republik Indonesia maupun yang didanai oleh Kementerian Riset Teknologi dan Pendidikan Tinggi. Hasil penelitian dan pengabdiannya telah dipublikasikan pada berbagai bentuk, seperti Jurnal Internasional Bereputasi Jurnal Internasional, Jurnal Nasional terakreditasi, Proseding, Book Chapter dan buku ber ISBN yang disebarkan dalam skala nasional dan Internasional. Sebagai seorang akademisi, dia juga banyak mendapatkan amanah sebagai reviewer pada berbagai jurnal Nasional, jurnal Internasional bereputasi, reviewer hibah dari berbagai lembaga seperti Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional, bahkan sebagai reviewer eksternal penelitian dosen dari University of Sharjah.

Referensi

Alsahafi, M. (2016) ‘Diglossia: An Overview of the Arabic Situation’, International Journal of English Language and Linguistics Research, 4(4), pp. 1–11.

Aziz, F. (1991) ‘Siba waih dalam lintasan linguistik arab’, Al-Jami’ah: Journal of Islamic Studies, pp. 47–62.

Badawi, E.M. and Haleem, M.A. (2008) Arabic-English Dictionary of Qur’anic Usage. Leiden: Brill.

Dhaif, S. (1998) al-Madaris al-Nahwiyyah. Kairo: Dar al-Ma’ariif.

Dimyathi, M.A. (2021) Madkhal Ila Ilmi al- al-Ijtima’i. Surabaya: UIN Sunan Ampel.

Owens, J. (2006) A Linguistic History of Arabic. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press.

Owens, J. (2012) ‘Arabic Sociolinguistics’, in S. Weninger (ed.) An International Handbook. Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter Mouton, pp. 970–982. Available at: https://doi.org/doi:10.1515/9783110 251586.970.

T. Muraoka, A.D.R. and Versteegh, C.H.M. (2012) The Foundations of Arabic Linguistics Studies in Semitic Languages and Linguistics. Boston: Brill.

Al-Ani, S. H. (1970). Arabic phonology: An acoustical and physiological investigation. Mouton.

Al-Nassir, A. A. (1993). Sibawayh the phonologist: A critical study of the phonetic and phonological theory of Sibawayh as presented in his treatise Al-Kitab. Kegan Paul International.

Ladefoged, P., & Johnson, K. (2021). A course in phonetics (8th ed.). Cengage Learning.

Nelson, K. (2001). The art of reciting the Qur'an. The American University in Cairo Press.

Ryding, K. C. (2021). Teaching Arabic as a foreign language: A guide for instructors. Routledge.

Watson, J. C. E. (2021). The phonology and morphology of Arabic. Oxford University Press.

Al-Ghalayaini, M. (t.t.). Jami' al-Durus al-'Arabiyyah. Al-Maktabah al-Asriyyah.

Al-Hamad, G. A. (2021). The Patterns of Broken Plurals in Arabic: A Historical and Comparative Study. Journal of Language and Linguistic Studies, 17(Special Issue 2), 1205-1218.

Brustad, K. (2021). The Syntax, Morphology, and Phonology of Arabic. In J. Owens (Ed.), The Oxford Handbook of Arabic Linguistics. Oxford University Press.

Haywood, J. A., & Nahmad, H. M. (2017). A new Arabic grammar of the written language. Yale University Press.

Owens, J. (2020). The Oxford handbook of Arabic linguistics. Oxford University Press.

Ryding, K. C. (2005). A reference grammar of modern standard Arabic. Cambridge University Press.

Sieny, M. E. (1996). The Morphology of the Arabic Verb. King Saud University Press.

Watson, J. C. E. (2021). The phonology and morphology of Arabic. Oxford University Press.

Wright, W. (2018). A grammar of the Arabic language (3rd ed.). Dover Publications. (Cetakan ulang dari edisi Cambridge University Press).

Al-Sharkawi, M. (2016). The Shifting Reference in Arabic: A study in historical Arabic grammar. Brill.

Brustad, K. (2021). The Syntax, Morphology, and Phonology of Arabic. In J. Owens (Ed.), The Oxford Handbook of Arabic Linguistics. Oxford University Press.

Carter, M. G. (2018). Sibawayhi. I.B. Tauris.

Haywood, J. A., & Nahmad, H. M. (2017). A new Arabic grammar of the written language. Yale University Press.

Owens, J. (2020). The Oxford handbook of Arabic linguistics. Oxford University Press.

Ryding, K. C. (2005). A reference grammar of modern standard Arabic. Cambridge University Press.

Wright, W. (2018). A grammar of the Arabic language (3rd ed.). Dover Publications.

Abdullah, I. (2018). The Development of Arabic Semantic Studies: From Classical to Modern Era. OKARA: Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra, 12(1), 1-14.

Austin, J. L. (1962). How to do things with words. Oxford University Press.

Badawi, E., & Haleem, M. A. (Eds.). (2018). Arabic-English dictionary of Qur'anic usage. Brill.

Birner, B. J. (2013). Introduction to pragmatics. Wiley-Blackwell.

Blank, A. (1999). Why do new meanings occur? A cognitive typology of the motivations for lexical semantic change. In A. Blank & P. Koch (Eds.), Historical Semantics and Cognition (pp. 61-90). Mouton de Gruyter.

Cruse, A. (2011). Meaning in language: An introduction to semantics and pragmatics (3rd ed.). Oxford University Press.

Lyons, J. (1995). Linguistic semantics: An introduction. Cambridge University Press.

Saeed, J. I. (2016). Semantics (4th ed.). Wiley-Blackwell.

Versteegh, K. (2014). The Arabic language (2nd ed.). Edinburgh University Press.

Wijana, I. D. P. (2021). Pengantar Pragmatik. Pustaka Pelajar.

Yule, G. (2017). Pragmatics. Oxford University Press.

Badawi, E., & Haleem, M. A. (Eds.). (2018). Arabic-English dictionary of Qur'anic usage. Brill.

Brown, J. A. C. (2018). Hadith: Muhammad's legacy in the medieval and modern world (2nd ed.). Oneworld Publications.

Gacek, A. (2018). Arabic manuscripts: A vade mecum for readers. Brill.

Khalidi, T. (2017). Arabic historical thought in the classical period. Cambridge University Press.

Montgomery, J. E. (2018). The literary and cultural context of the Qur'ān. In M. A. S. Abdel Haleem & M. Shah (Eds.), The Oxford Handbook of Qur'anic Studies (pp. 95-109). Oxford University Press.

Owens, J. (2020). The Oxford handbook of Arabic linguistics. Oxford University Press.

Ritonga, Mahyudin. 2013. Semantik Bahasa Arab dalam Pandangan Al-Anbari. Padang: Hyfa Press.

Schoeler, G., & Montgomery, J. E. (2017). The oral and the written in early Islam. Routledge.

Al-Sharkawi, M. (2016). The Shifting Reference in Arabic: A study in historical Arabic grammar. Brill.

Stetkevych, S. P. (2021). The mute immortals speak: Pre-Islamic poetry and the poetics of ritual. Cornell University Press.

Stewart, D. J. (2019). Sajʿ in the Qurʾān: A Standard Feature of Prophetic and Kâhin Discourse. In M. Shah & M. A. S. Abdel Haleem (Eds.), The Oxford Handbook of Qur'anic Studies. Oxford University Press.

Al-Afghani, J. (2019). Morphological Errors in Arabic as a Second Language Writing: A Case Study. Arab World English Journal (AWEJ), 10(3), 295-307.

Al-khresheh, M. H. (2016). A Review Study of Error Analysis Theory. International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Research, 2, 49-59.

Corder, S. P. (1967). The significance of learners' errors. International Review of Applied Linguistics in Language Teaching, 5(4), 161-170.

Ellis, R. (1997). Second language acquisition. Oxford University Press.

Gass, S. M., & Selinker, L. (2008). Second language acquisition: An introductory course (3rd ed.). Routledge.

Ibrahim, A. M. (2017). Al-Lahn (Linguistic Error) in the Arab Tradition: A Historical and Critical Study. Journal of Semitic Studies, 62(1), 195-217.

Al-Wer, E. (2018). The Arabic-speaking Middle East and North Africa. In R. Hickey (Ed.), The Cambridge Handbook of Areal Linguistics (pp. 525-551). Cambridge University Press.

Brustad, K. (2018). The sociolinguistic context of Arabic. In J. Owens (Ed.), The Oxford Handbook of Arabic Linguistics. Oxford University Press.

Ferguson, C. A. (1959). Diglossia. Word, 15(2), 325–340.

Heath, J. (2002). Jewish and Muslim dialects of Moroccan Arabic. Routledge.

Ryding, K. C. (2014). A new Arabic grammar of the written language. Yale University Press.

Suleiman, Y. (2021). Arabic sociolinguistics (2nd ed.). Routledge.

Versteegh, K. (2014). The Arabic language (2nd ed.). Edinburgh University Press.

Wahba, K. (2021). The role of media in the spread of Egyptian Arabic. In Z. Taha (Ed.), Handbook for Arabic Language Teaching Professionals in the 21st Century, Volume II (pp. 122-135). Routledge.

Chomsky, N. (1957). Syntactic structures. Mouton.

Fairclough, N. (2013). Critical discourse analysis: The critical study of language (2nd ed.). Routledge.

Gee, J. P. (2014). An introduction to discourse analysis: Theory and method (4th ed.). Routledge.

Givón, T. (2019). On understanding grammar. John Benjamins Publishing Company.

Halliday, M. A. K., & Hasan, R. (1976). Cohesion in English. Longman.

McEnery, T., & Hardie, A. (2012). Corpus linguistics: Method, theory and practice. Cambridge University Press.

Richardson, J. E. (2007). Analysing newspapers: An approach from critical discourse analysis. Palgrave Macmillan.

Saussure, F. de. (1959). Course in general linguistics (W. Baskin, Trans.). Philosophical Library. (Original work published 1916).

van Dijk, T. A. (2008). Discourse and power. Palgrave Macmillan

Byrne, J. (2014). Scientific and technical translation explained: A nuts and bolts guide for beginners. Routledge.

Dickins, J., Hervey, S., & Higgins, I. (2017). Thinking Arabic translation: A course in translation method: Arabic to English (2nd ed.). Routledge.

Munday, J. (2016). Introducing translation studies: Theories and applications (4th ed.). Routledge.

Newmark, P. (1988). A textbook of translation. Prentice Hall.

Nida, E. A., & Taber, C. R. (1969). The theory and practice of translation. Brill.

Reiss, K., & Vermeer, H. J. (2013). Towards a general theory of translational action: Skopos theory explained (C. Nord, Trans.). Routledge.

Al-Busaidi, S. S. (2022). Technology-Enhanced Language Learning for Arabic: A Review of the Literature. Journal of King Saud University - Computer and Information Sciences, 34(10, Part B), 9845-9861.

Habash, N. (2010). Introduction to Arabic natural language processing. Morgan & Claypool Publishers.

Jurafsky, D., & Martin, J. H. (2021). Speech and language processing: An introduction to natural language processing, computational linguistics, and speech recognition (3rd ed.). Prentice Hall.

McEnery, T., & Hardie, A. (2012). Corpus linguistics: Method, theory and practice. Cambridge University Press.

Zaghouani, W. (2017). A survey of an in-depth analysis of Arabic corpora. In The Oxford Handbook of Arabic Linguistics. Oxford University Press.

Gass, S. M., & Selinker, L. (2008). Second language acquisition: An introductory course (3rd ed.). Routledge.

James, C. (1980). Contrastive analysis. Longman.

Lado, R. (1957). Linguistics across cultures: Applied linguistics for language teachers. University of Michigan Press.

Wardhaugh, R. (1970). The contrastive analysis hypothesis. TESOL Quarterly, 4(2), 123-130.

Bachman, L. F., & Palmer, A. S. (2010). Language assessment in practice. Oxford University Press.

Brown, H. D., & Abeywickrama, P. (2019). Language assessment: Principles and classroom practices (3rd ed.). Pearson Education.

O'Malley, J. M., & Valdez Pierce, L. (1996). Authentic assessment for English language learners: Practical approaches for teachers. Addison-Wesley Publishing Company.

Thomas, J. W. (2000). A review of research on project-based learning. The Autodesk Foundation.

Abdullah, I. (2018). The Development of Arabic Semantic Studies: From Classical to Modern Era. OKARA: Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra, 12(1), 1-14. https://doi.org/10.19105/ojbs.v12i1.1610

Al-Afghani, J. (2019). Morphological Errors in Arabic as a Second Language Writing: A Case Study. Arab World English Journal (AWEJ), 10(3), 295-307. https://dx.doi.org/10.24093/awej/ vol10no3.20

Al-Busaidi, S. S. (2022). Technology-Enhanced Language Learning for Arabic: A Review of the Literature. Journal of King Saud University - Computer and Information Sciences, 34(10, Part B), 9845-9861. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jksuci.2021.12.029

Al-Ghalayaini, M. (t.t.). Jami' al-Durus al-'Arabiyyah. Al-Maktabah al-Asriyyah.

Al-Hamad, G. A. (2021). The Patterns of Broken Plurals in Arabic: A Historical and Comparative Study. Journal of Language and Linguistic Studies, 17(Special Issue 2), 1205-1218.

Al-khresheh, M. H. (2016). A Review Study of Error Analysis Theory. International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Research, 2, 49-59.

Al-Sharkawi, M. (2016). The Shifting Reference in Arabic: A study in historical Arabic grammar. Brill.

Al-Wer, E. (2018). The Arabic-speaking Middle East and North Africa. In R. Hickey (Ed.), The Cambridge Handbook of Areal Linguistics (pp. 525-551). Cambridge University Press.

Amrulloh, M. A. (2020). Metode Penelitian Linguistik: Sebuah Pengantar. Al-Fathin: Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra Arab, 3(1), 1-15.

Austin, J. L. (1962). How to do things with words. Oxford University Press.

Bachman, L. F., & Palmer, A. S. (2010). Language assessment in practice. Oxford University Press.

Badawi, E., & Haleem, M. A. (Eds.). (2018). Arabic-English dictionary of Qur'anic usage. Brill.

Birner, B. J. (2013). Introduction to pragmatics. Wiley-Blackwell.

Blank, A. (1999). Why do new meanings occur? A cognitive typology of the motivations for lexical semantic change. In A. Blank & P. Koch (Eds.), Historical Semantics and Cognition (pp. 61-90). Mouton de Gruyter.

Brown, H. D., & Abeywickrama, P. (2019). Language assessment: Principles and classroom practices (3rd ed.). Pearson Education.

Brown, J. A. C. (2018). Hadith: Muhammad's legacy in the medieval and modern world (2nd ed.). Oneworld Publications.

Brustad, K. (2021). The Syntax, Morphology, and Phonology of Arabic. In J. Owens (Ed.), The Oxford Handbook of Arabic Linguistics. Oxford University Press.

Byrne, J. (2014). Scientific and technical translation explained: A nuts and bolts guide for beginners. Routledge.

Carter, M. G. (2018). Sibawayhi. I.B. Tauris.

Chomsky, N. (1957). Syntactic structures. Mouton.

Corder, S. P. (1967). The significance of learners' errors. International Review of Applied Linguistics in Language Teaching, 5(4), 161-170.

Cruse, A. (2011). Meaning in language: An introduction to semantics and pragmatics (3rd ed.). Oxford University Press.

Dickins, J., Hervey, S., & Higgins, I. (2017). Thinking Arabic translation: A course in translation method: Arabic to English (2nd ed.). Routledge.

Ellis, R. (1997). Second language acquisition. Oxford University Press.

Fairclough, N. (2013). Critical discourse analysis: The critical study of language (2nd ed.). Routledge.

Farchan, M. (2020). The Contribution of Sibawayh in the Development of Arabic Linguistics. Ar-Raniry: International Journal of Islamic Studies, 7(1), 123-142. https://doi.org/10.22373 /jar.v7i1.6543

Ferguson, C. A. (1959). Diglossia. Word, 15(2), 325–340.

Gacek, A. (2018). Arabic manuscripts: A vade mecum for readers. Brill.

Gass, S. M., & Selinker, L. (2008). Second language acquisition: An introductory course (3rd ed.). Routledge.

Gee, J. P. (2014). An introduction to discourse analysis: Theory and method (4th ed.). Routledge.

Givón, T. (2019). On understanding grammar. John Benjamins Publishing Company.

Habash, N. (2010). Introduction to Arabic natural language processing. Morgan & Claypool Publishers.

Halliday, M. A. K., & Hasan, R. (1976). Cohesion in English. Longman.

Haryanto, I. (2019). Basrah and Kufah school: The historical development of Arabic grammar. Arabiyat: Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Arab dan Kebahasaaraban, 6(1), 16-31. https://doi.org/ 10.15408/a.v6i1.11904

Haywood, J. A., & Nahmad, H. M. (2017). A new Arabic grammar of the written language. Yale University Press.

Heath, J. (2002). Jewish and Muslim dialects of Moroccan Arabic. Routledge.

Ibrahim, A. M. (2017). Al-Lahn (Linguistic Error) in the Arab Tradition: A Historical and Critical Study. Journal of Semitic Studies, 62(1), 195-217. https://doi.org/10.1093/jss/fgw035

James, C. (1980). Contrastive analysis. Longman.

Jurafsky, D., & Martin, J. H. (2021). Speech and language processing: An introduction to natural language processing, computational linguistics, and speech recognition (3rd ed.). Prentice Hall.

Khalidi, T. (2017). Arabic historical thought in the classical period. Cambridge University Press.

Lado, R. (1957). Linguistics across cultures: Applied linguistics for language teachers. University of Michigan Press.

Lyons, J. (1995). Linguistic semantics: An introduction. Cambridge University Press.

McEnery, T., & Hardie, A. (2012). Corpus linguistics: Method, theory and practice. Cambridge University Press.

Montgomery, J. E. (2018). The literary and cultural context of the Qur'ān. In M. A. S. Abdel Haleem & M. Shah (Eds.), The Oxford Handbook of Qur'anic Studies (pp. 95-109). Oxford University Press.

Munday, J. (2016). Introducing translation studies: Theories and applications (4th ed.). Routledge.

Nelson, K. (2001). The art of reciting the Qur'an. The American University in Cairo Press.

Newmark, P. (1988). A textbook of translation. Prentice Hall.

Nida, E. A., & Taber, C. R. (1969). The theory and practice of translation. Brill.

O'Malley, J. M., & Valdez Pierce, L. (1996). Authentic assessment for English language learners: Practical approaches for teachers. Addison-Wesley Publishing Company.

Owens, J. (Ed.). (2020). The Oxford handbook of Arabic linguistics. Oxford University Press.

Reiss, K., & Vermeer, H. J. (2013). Towards a general theory of translational action: Skopos theory explained (C. Nord, Trans.). Routledge.

Richardson, J. E. (2007). Analysing newspapers: An approach from critical discourse analysis. Palgrave Macmillan.

Ryding, K. C. (2005). A reference grammar of modern standard Arabic. Cambridge University Press.

Ryding, K. C. (2014). A new Arabic grammar of the written language. Yale University Press.

Saeed, J. I. (2016). Semantics (4th ed.). Wiley-Blackwell.

Saussure, F. de. (1959). Course in general linguistics (W. Baskin, Trans.). Philosophical Library.

Schoeler, G., & Montgomery, J. E. (2017). The oral and the written in early Islam. Routledge.

Sieny, M. E. (1996). The Morphology of the Arabic Verb. King Saud University Press.

Stetkevych, S. P. (2021). The mute immortals speak: Pre-Islamic poetry and the poetics of ritual. Cornell University Press.

Stewart, D. J. (2019). Sajʿ in the Qurʾān: A Standard Feature of Prophetic and Kâhin Discourse. In M. Shah & M. A. S. Abdel Haleem (Eds.), The Oxford Handbook of Qur'anic Studies. Oxford University Press.

Suleiman, Y. (2021). Arabic sociolinguistics (2nd ed.). Routledge.

Thomas, J. W. (2000). A review of research on project-based learning. The Autodesk Foundation.

van Dijk, T. A. (2008). Discourse and power. Palgrave Macmillan.

Versteegh, K. (2014). The Arabic language (2nd ed.). Edinburgh University Press.

Wahba, K. (2021). The role of media in the spread of Egyptian Arabic. In Z. Taha (Ed.), Handbook for Arabic Language Teaching Professionals in the 21st Century, Volume II (pp. 122-135). Routledge.

Wardhaugh, R. (1970). The contrastive analysis hypothesis. TESOL Quarterly, 4(2), 123-130.

Watson, J. C. E. (2021). The phonology and morphology of Arabic. Oxford University Press.

Wijana, I. D. P. (2021). Pengantar Pragmatik. Pustaka Pelajar.

Wright, W. (2018). A grammar of the Arabic language (3rd ed.). Dover Publications.

Yule, G. (2017). Pragmatics. Oxford University Press.

Zaghouani, W. (2017). A survey of an in-depth analysis of Arabic corpora. In The Oxford Handbook of Arabic Linguistics. Oxford University Press.

ILMU AL-LUGHAH: Teoritis dan Praktis Linguistik Arab

Unduhan

Diterbitkan

25 Agustus 2025

Detail monograf ini

ISBN-13 (15)

978-634-202-703-5

Dimensi Fisik

Cara Mengutip