GRAMMATICALITY IN ENGLISH SENTENCES

Cenderato; Exnasia Retno Palup Handayani

Penulis

Cenderato, M.Pd.

STAK Abdi Wacana Pontianak

Exnasia Retno Palupi Handayani, M.Pd.

Nahdlatul Ulama Kalimantan Barat University

Kata Kunci:

grammaticallity, english sentences

Sinopsis

Grammaticality is a cornerstone of both second language learning and linguistic analysis. For English learners, understanding grammatical rules is essential for developing fluency and accuracy. The distinction between grammaticality and acceptability is crucial for recognizing that grammar is not solely determined by formal rules; it is also shaped by usage patterns, cognitive processes, and sociolinguistic contexts. Grammar consists of a set of structural rules that govern the composition of clauses, phrases, and words in a language. Using well-formed grammatical sentences is important, as they reduce ambiguity and enhance mutual understanding. Additionally, grammar supports the coherence of extended discourse by organizing ideas over time, demonstrating relationships, and indicating emphasis or focus.

In linguistics, grammaticality is used to test hypotheses about syntactic structures, cognitive processing, and language acquisition. It informs areas such as syntax, semantics, and pragmatics. Syntactic constraints pertain to the structural organization of linguistic elements, specifying permissible word orders and hierarchical relationships within sentences. In contrast, semantic constraints relate to the interpretation of meaning and the conditions under which words and phrases can be combined to yield coherent propositions. Pragmatic constraints involve language use in context, encompassing speaker intentions, listener interpretations, and social norms.

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PREFACE
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Chapter 1 Introduction
Chapter 2 Foundations of Grammaticality
Chapter 3 Sentence Structure and Clause Types
Chapter 4 Subject-Verb Agreement and Verb Forms
Chapter 5 Noun Phrases and Determiners
Chapter 6 Adjective and Adverb Placement
Chapter 7 Prepositions and Prepositional Phrases
Chapter 8 Grammaticality in Constructions
Chapter 9 Relative Clauses And Sentence Embedding
Chapter 10 Coordination and Subordination
Chapter 11 Grammaticality in Usage and Variation
Chapter 12 Second Language Learners and Grammaticality
Chapter 13 The Evolving Nature of Grammaticality
REFERENSCES
AUTHOR BIOGRAPHY

Biografi Penulis

Cenderato, M.Pd., STAK Abdi Wacana Pontianak

Cenderato, M.Pd., born on November 8, 1984, in Sebadak, is a Senior Lecturer with extensive expertise in academic writing, Teaching English as a Foreign Language (TEFL), and English grammar. Currently, he used to serve as a lecturer in English at STAK Abdi Wacana Pontianak and held the position of Vice Chairman 1 for Academic Affairs. His dedication to enhancing students' writing skills, grammatical accuracy, and overall English proficiency is unwavering, as he strives to equip them with a strong command of the language essential for their academic and professional success.

Throughout his career, he has held several significant leadership and academic positions, showcasing his extensive knowledge and commitment to education. He previously served as the Head of LPPM FKIP UNKA Sintang, where he oversaw research and community service initiatives, and as the Head of the English Language Education Study Program (S-1) at FKIP UNKA Sintang. Furthermore, he has lectured in English at STAKat Negeri Pontianak, where he also took on administrative roles as Secretary of the Quality Assurance Center (P2M) and Secretary of the Research and Community Service Center (P3M). These varied experiences underscore his comprehensive understanding of academic administration, curriculum development, and pedagogical best practices.

Exnasia Retno Palupi Handayani, M.Pd. , Nahdlatul Ulama Kalimantan Barat University

Exnasia Retno Palupi Handayani, M.Pd. was born on September 22, 1988, in Blora, Central Java. She started her career as a lecturer in 2017 at Nahdlatul Ulama Kalimantan Barat University. She focused on grammar, writing, and reading class. She aslo served as the Secretary of the English Language Education Study Program in 2018. She also interested in improving the quality of education in West Kalimantan by joining BAN S/M Kalimantan Barat as assessor in 2018 up to 2022 and she assesed several schools spread out in West Kalimantan.

Started from 2019 she joined as a lecturer at Sekolah Tinggi Agama Katolik Negeri Pontianak. She focused on English subject. As an effort to deepen her skills, she read and write a lot for these several years. Aside from writing an English articles, she also translating a book, and writing a book. One of her book entitled “Supplementary Book: Teks Deskriptif dan Naratif Berbasis Local Wisdom”.

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GRAMMATICALITY IN ENGLISH SENTENCES

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