PENGANTAR ILMU PENDIDIKAN
Kata Kunci:
pengantar, ilmu, pendidikanSinopsis
enomena dalam dunia pendidikan di Indonesia tidak terlepas dari dinamika perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi. Kemampuan mahasiswa dalam memahami gejala atau permasalahan pendidikan yang terjadi di lapangan sangat berkaitan dengan konteks keilmuan pendidikan dan konsep-konsepnya baik secara teoritis maupun praktis. Pemahaman yang menyeluruh terhadap dasar-dasar pendidikan menjadi target utama dalam menyiapkan sumber daya manusia yang berkarakter dan berdaya saing tinggi di era globalisasi.
Dalam konteks ini, mahasiswa dituntut untuk memahami secara mendalam materi- materi dasar dalam mata kuliah Pengantar Ilmu Pendidikan, yang menjadi fondasi utama bagi studi lanjutan di bidang kependidikan. Mata kuliah ini mencakup pemahaman tentang hakikat pendidikan, fungsi dan tujuan pendidikan, komponen sistem pendidikan, hingga peran guru dan peserta didik dalam proses pembelajaran. Oleh karena itu, mahasiswa memerlukan kemampuan analisis konseptual dan refleksi kritis terhadap teori serta praktik pendidikan yang berlangsung di masyarakat.
Buku ini berisi uraian mengenai konsep-konsep dasar pendidikan yang disusun secara sistematis, dimulai dari pengertian, tujuan, hingga landasan pendidikan di Indonesia. Di dalamnya juga dibahas hubungan antara pendidikan dan masyarakat, dinamika kebijakan pendidikan, serta tantangan pendidikan di era digital. Setiap bab dilengkapi dengan penjelasan yang mudah dipahami yang dapat membantu mahasiswa mengasah kemampuan berpikir kritis dan aplikatif.
Melalui buku ini, diharapkan mahasiswa tidak hanya memahami teori pendidikan secara konseptual, tetapi juga mampu menerapkannya dalam konteks nyata. Pembaca diharapkan dapat memperluas wawasan, menumbuhkan minat belajar, dan mengembangkan sikap ilmiah terhadap berbagai persoalan pendidikan yang dihadapi bangsa.
Bab
-
PRAKATA
-
DAFTAR ISI
-
BAGIAN I KERANGKA DASAR PENDIDIKAN
-
BAB 1 PENDIDIKAN: ARTI, HAKIKAT, DAN DIMENSI FILOSOFIS
-
BAB 2 LANDASAN-LANDASAN PENDIDIKAN
-
BAGIAN II PENDIDIKAN DALAM REALITAS SOSIAL INDONESIA
-
BAB 3 SISTEM PENDIDIKAN NASIONAL DAN DINAMIKANYA
-
BAB 4 PENDIDIK DAN PESERTA DIDIK
-
BAGIAN III PENDIDIKAN DI TENGAH PERUBAHAN ZAMAN
-
BAB 5 TEKNOLOGI DAN TRANSFORMASI PEMBELAJARAN
-
BAGIAN IV KERANGKA DASAR PENDIDIKAN
-
BAB 6 PENDIDIKAN DAN KONSTRUKSI MASA DEPAN BANGSA
-
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
-
BIOGRAFI PENULIS
Unduhan
Referensi
Aditya, E. L., Haikal, Moh. R., & Putra, R. D. (2024). Strategi peningkatan kualitas sumber daya manusia melalui manajemen sdm di era global. Economics Learning Experience & Social Thinking Education Journal. https://doi.org/10.58890/eleste.v4i2.229
Adrimus. (2023). peran guru dalam meningkatkan kualitas literasi pendidikan. https://doi.org/10.31219/osf.io/fpz4k
Alfiah, A. (2023). Pembelajaran analisis nilai karakter dalam teks sastra berpotensi melatih kemampuan siswa berpikir tingkat tinggi. Jurnal Ikadbudi: Jurnal Ilmiah Bahasa, Sastra, Dan Budaya Daerah.
Althusser, L. (1971). Lenin and philosophy and other essays. Monthly Review Press.
Anwar, R. (2022). Ketimpangan pendidikan di Indonesia: Analisis sosial dan politik. LP3ES.
Arifin, B., & Mu’id, A. (2024). Pengembangan Kurikulum Berbasis Keterampilan Dalam Menghadapi Tuntutan Kompetensi Abad 21. https://doi.org/10.62740/jppuqg.v1i2.23
Arifin, Z. (2022). Sosiologi pendidikan di Indonesia. Rajawali Pers.
Arifin, Z. (2023). Pendidikan dan perubahan sosial di Indonesia. Rajawali Pers. Baker, D. P. (2014). Sociology of education. Routledge.
Arifin, Z. (2023). Tri Dharma Perguruan Tinggi dan Tantangan Profesionalisme Dosen. Jakarta: Prenada Media.
Badan Pusat Statistik. (2023). Statistik Pendidikan Indonesia 2023. Jakarta: BPS. Berk, L. E., & Meyers, A. B. (2023). Infants, Children, and Adolescents (9th ed.). Pearson Education.
Banks, J. A. (2009). Multicultural education: Issues and perspectives (7th ed.). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.
Barakat, B. F., S Ugarte, J. (2018). The impact of education on development goals: A cross- country analysis. World Development, 105, 222–233.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2017.12.008
Becker, G. S. (1964). Human capital: A theoretical and empirical analysis, with special reference to education. University of Chicago Press.
Becker, G. S. (1993). Human capital: A theoretical and empirical analysis with special reference to education (3rd ed.). University of Chicago Press.
Biesta, G. (2015). Good education in an age of measurement: Ethics, politics, democracy. Routledge.
Biggs, J., S Tang, C. (2007). Teaching for quality learning at university (3rd ed.). Maidenhead, UK: Open University Press.
Boeren, E. (2019). Understanding Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 4 on “quality education” from the perspective of education policy research. Educational Research Review, 27, 210–219.
Bourdieu, P. (1986). The forms of capital. In J. Richardson (Ed.), Handbook of theory and research for the sociology of education (pp. 241–258). New York: Greenwood Press.
Bourdieu, P., S Passeron, J.-C. (1990). Reproduction in education, society and culture (2nd ed.). SAGE Publications.
Bowles, S., S Gintis, H. (2011). Schooling in capitalist America: Educational reform and the contradictions of economic life. Haymarket Books.
Brookfield, S. D. (2017). Becoming a Critically Reflective Teacher (2nd ed.). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Cahyani, R. Y. D., & Shabilla, S. (2024). Meningkatkan pemikiran kritis melalui sastra. The Gist. https://doi.org/10.53675/gist.v7i1.1386
Capra, F. (2005). The web of life: A new scientific understanding of living systems. New York: Anchor Books.
Carr, N. (2010). The shallows: What the Internet is doing to our brains. W. W. Norton S Company.
Choi, M., Glassman, M., S Cristol, D. (2017). What it means to be a citizen in the internet age: Development of a reliable and valid digital citizenship scale. Computers & Education, 107, 100–112.
Cincera, J., S Krajhanzl, J. (2013). Eco-Schools: What factors influence pupils’ environmental attitudes? Environmental Education Research, 19(3), 420–434. https://doi.org/10.1080/13504622.2012.700696
Coleman, J. S. (1988). Social capital in the creation of human capital. American Journal of Sociology, 94, S95–S120. https://doi.org/10.1086/228943
Daniels, H. (2021). Vygotsky and Pedagogy (2nd ed.). Routledge.
Darmawan, A. (2018). Pendidikan multikultural di Indonesia. Jurnal Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan, 3(2), 123–135.
Dator, J. (2002). Advancing futures: Futures studies in higher education. Westport, CT: Praeger.
Dewantara, K. H. (2004). Pemikiran, konsepsi, keteladanan, sikap merdeka dalam pendidikan. UST Press.
Dewey, J. (1916). Democracy and education. Macmillan.
Ellis, J., S Goodyear, G. E. (2010). Training models in clinical supervision. American Psychological Association.
Fadillah, N., & Septiani, M. (2023). “Implementasi Kurikulum Merdeka dalam Pembentukan Profil Pelajar Pancasila di Sekolah Dasar.” Jurnal PendidikanKarakter, 13(1),77–92. https://doi.org/10.21831/jpk.v13i1.54872
Firdaus, A. (2023). Kesenjangan pendidikan di wilayah tertinggal. Jurnal Pendidikan dan Kebijakan, 5(2), 70–85.
Fisk, P. (2017). Education 4.0: The future of learning will be dramatically different, in school and throughout life. Diakses dari http://www.thegeniusworks.com/2017/01/future-education-young-everyone- taught-together
Fitriani, R. (2023). Teori perkembangan kognitif dan implikasinya dalam pendidikan. Jurnal Psikologi Pendidikan, 8(1), 34–48.
Freire, P. (2006). Pedagogy of the oppressed (30th anniversary ed.).Continuum.
Freire, P. (1970). Pedagogy of the oppressed. Continuum.
Freire, P. (1998). Pedagogy of freedom: Ethics, democracy, and civic courage.Rowman S Littlefield.
Freire, P. (2018). Pendidikan Kaum Tertindas (Edisi Revisi). Jakarta: LP3ES. Gardner,
Fullan, M. (2016). The new meaning of educational change. Teachers College Press.
Fullan, M., S Langworthy, M. (2014). A rich seam: How new pedagogies find deep learning.
Gardner, H. (1999). Intelligence reframed: Multiple intelligences for the 21st century. Basic Books.
Gay, G. (2018). Culturally Responsive Teaching: Theory, Research, and Practice (3rd ed.). Teachers College Press.
Gilster, P. (1997). Digital literacy. New York, NY: Wiley.
Giroux, H. A. (2014). Neoliberalism’s war on higher education. Haymarket Books.
H. (2020). Multiple Intelligences: New Horizons in Theory and Practice. Basic Books.
Habsy, B. A., Rahayu, F. M., Mareta, R. D., S Apriliani, I. (2024). Identifikasi pendidikan sebagai suatu sistem untuk kemajuan pendidikan menuju Indonesia Emas 2045. TSAQOFAH, 4(6), 4276–4295.
Halim, M. (2024). Hukum pendidikan di Indonesia: Tinjauan yuridis dan implementasi. Refika Aditama.
Hasanah, N. (2023). Pendidikan inklusif dan keanekaragaman budaya di Indonesia. Jurnal Pendidikan Multikultural, 9(1), 22–37.
Hasanah, U., S Prasetyo, B. (2022). Pembelajaran inklusif dalam pendidikan multikultural. Jurnal Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan, 7(1), 45–60.
Hattie, J., S Zierer, K. (2018). 10 mindframes for visible learning: Teaching for success. London: Routledge.
Heick, T. (2018). Digital citizenship & digital literacy: What is digital citizenship? Retrieved from
Heidegger, M. (1962). Being and time (J. Macquarrie S E. Robinson, Trans.).Blackwell.
Holstein, K., McLaren, B. M., S Aleven, V. (2019). Designing for complementarity: Teacher and student needs for orchestration support in AI-enhanced classrooms. Proceedings of the 2019 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, 1–14.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11162-008-9088-5
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2017.01.002
https://doi.org/10.1145/3290605.3300903
https://doi.org/10.21831/ikadbudi.v13i1.76046
https://doi.org/10.58578/tsaqofah.v4i6.4189
https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000230171
https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000247444
Illich, I. (1971). Deschooling society. Harper S Row.
Indonesian Corruption Watch. (2021). Laporan tahunan: Tren korupsi di sektor pendidikan 2021. https://antikorupsi.org
Jonassen, D. H. (1999). Designing Constructivist Learning Environments. In C. M. Reigeluth (Ed.), Instructional-Design Theories and Models: A New Paradigm of Instructional
Kahn, R. (2010). Critical pedagogy, ecoliteracy, and planetary crisis: The ecopedagogy movement. New York: Peter Lang.
Kemendikbudristek RI. (2020). Kebijakan Merdeka Belajar: Konsep dan Implementasi.Jakarta: Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan.
Kemendikbudristek. (2022). Panduan implementasi Kurikulum Merdeka.Direktorat Jenderal PAUD, DIKDAS, dan DIKMEN.Koentjaraningrat. (2009). Pengantar ilmu antropologi. Rineka Cipta.
Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan RI. (2023). Undang-Undang Nomor 20 Tahun 2003 tentang Sistem Pendidikan Nasional. Kemendikbud.
Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan RI. (2024). Kurikulum Merdeka: Panduan implementasi. Kemendikbud.
Kusuma, A. R., Lestari, P., S Wibowo, H. (2024). Evaluasi implementasi Kurikulum Merdeka di daerah terpencil. Jurnal Manajemen Pendidikan Indonesia, 5(1), 77–94.
Laird, T. F. N., Shoup, R., Kuh, G. D., S Schwarz, M. J. (2008). The effects of discipline on deep approaches to student learning and college outcomes. Research in Higher Education, 49(6), 469–494.
Laird, T. F. N., Shoup, R., Kuh, G. D., S Schwarz, M. J. (2008). The effects of discipline on deep approaches to student learning and college outcomes. Research in Higher Education, 49(6), 469–494. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11162-008-9088-5
Laksana, W. (2021). Tantangan pendidikan Indonesia di era globalisasi. Jurnal Pendidikan Nasional, 7(1), 45–62.
Lareau, A. (2003). Unequal childhoods: Class, race, and family life. Berkeley: University of California Press.
Lareau, A. (2003). Unequal childhoods: Class, race, and family life. Berkeley: University of California Press.
Leu, D. J., Kinzer, C. K., Coiro, J., S Cammack, D. W. (2004). Toward a theory of new literacies emerging from the Internet and other information and communication technologies. In R. B. Ruddell S N. J. Unrau (Eds.), Theoretical models and processes of reading (5th ed., pp. 1570–1613). Newark, DE: International Reading Association.
Leu, D. J., Kinzer, C. K., Coiro, J., S Cammack, D. W. (2004). Toward a theory of new literacies emerging from the Internet and other information and communication technologies. In R. B. Ruddell S N. J. Unrau (Eds.), Theoretical models and processes of reading (5th ed., pp. 1570–1613). Newark, DE: International Reading Association.
Livingstone, S. (2009). Children and the Internet: Great expectations, challenging realities.Cambridge, UK: Polity Press.
London: Pearson.
Luckin, R., Holmes, W., Griffiths, M., S Forcier, L. B. (2016). Intelligence unleashed: An argument for AI in education. Pearson Education. Retrieved from https://www.pearson.com/.
Luckin, R., Holmes, W., Griffiths, M., S Forcier, L. B. (2016). Intelligence unleashed: An argument for AI in education. Pearson Education. Retrieved from https://www.pearson.com/.
Marton, F., S Säljö, R. (1976). On qualitative differences in learning: I—Outcome and process. British Journal of Educational Psychology, 46(1), 4–11. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8279.1976.tb02980.x
Marton, F., S Säljö, R. (1976). On qualitative differences in learning: I—Outcome and process. British Journal of Educational Psychology, 46(1), 4–11. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8279.1976.tb02980.x
Mayer, R. E. (2009). Multimedia Learning (2nd edition). New York: Cambridge UniversityPress.
Mayer, R. E. (2009). Multimedia Learning (2nd edition). New York: Cambridge University Press.
Merriam, S. B., Caffarella, R. S., S Baumgartner, L. M. (2007). Learning in adulthood: A comprehensive guide (3rd ed.). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Merriam, S. B., Caffarella, R. S., S Baumgartner, L. M. (2007). Learning in adulthood: A comprehensive guide (3rd ed.). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Mezirow, J. (1991). Transformative dimensions of adult learning. San Francisco, CA: Jossey- Bass.
Mezirow, J. (1991). Transformative dimensions of adult learning. San Francisco, CA: Jossey- Bass.
Mezirow, J. (1997). Transformative learning: Theory to practice. New Directions for Adult and Continuing Education, 74, 5–12. https://doi.org/10.1002/ace.7401
Miller, J. (2017). Philosophy of education. Routledge.
Mishra, P., S Koehler, M. J. (2006). Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge: A framework for teacher knowledge. Teachers College Record, 108(6), 1017–1054. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9620.2006.00684.x
Mishra, P., S Koehler, M. J. (2006). Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge: A framework for teacher knowledge. Teachers College Record, 108(6), 1017–1054. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9620.2006.00684.x
Mulyasa, E. (2022). Landasan pendidikan nasional. Remaja Rosdakarya. Mulyani, S. (2021). Kritik terhadap ilmu pendidikan formal. Pustaka Pelajar.
Ngan, S.-N. (2023). Peran pemerintah pusat dan daerah dalam menyediakan pendidikan dasar bermutu
Ngan, S.-N. (2023). Peran pemerintah pusat dan daerah dalam menyediakan pendidikan dasar bermutu
Niemi, H. (2020). Multidisciplinary approach in educational sciences. International Journal of Educational Research, 103, 101610. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijer.2020.101610
Nurdin, E. S., S Sunarti, Y. (2020). Kebijakan kurikulum pendidikan nasional: Antara politik dan pendidikan. Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Pendidikan, 24(1), 1–11.
Nussbaum, M. C. (2010). Not for profit: Why democracy needs the humanities.Princeton University Press.
OECD. (2001). The well-being of nations: The role of human and social capital. Paris: OECD Publishing.
OECD. (2001). The well-being of nations: The role of human and social capital. Paris: OECD Publishing.
OECD. (2020). Education at a glance 2020: OECD indicators. OECD Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1787/69096873-en
OECD. (2022). Digital education outlook: Pushing the frontiers with artificial intelligence, blockchain and robots. OECD Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1787/5f853123-en
Orr, D. W. (2004). Earth in mind: On education, environment, and the human prospect (2nd ed.). Washington, DC: Island Press.
Orr, D. W. (2004). Earth in mind: On education, environment, and the human prospect (2nd ed.). Washington, DC: Island Press.
Pembentukan Profil Pelajar Pancasila di Sekolah Dasar.” Jurnal PendidikanKarakter, 13(1), 77–92. https://doi.org/10.21831/jpk.v13i1.54872
Piaget, J. (1972). Psychology and pedagogy. Viking Press
Piaget, J. (1972). Psychology and pedagogy. Viking Press
Piaget, J. (1973). To understand is to invent: The future of education. Grossman Publishers.
Pramudito, A. (2023). Pancasila sebagai landasan filosofis pendidikan. Jurnal Filsafat Pendidikan, 12(2), 14–28.
Pranata, D., Sutrisno, A., S Hasan, M. (2023). Pemanfaatan teknologi dalam pembelajaran daring. Jurnal Teknologi Pendidikan, 12(2), 120–134.
Pusdatin Kemendikbudristek. (2022). Data akses dan kualitas pendidikan Indonesia. Kemendikbudristek.
Puspa, C. I. S., Rahayu, D. N. O., S Parhan, M. (2023). Transformasi pendidikan abad 21 dalam merealisasikan sumber daya manusia unggul menuju Indonesia Emas 2045. Jurnal Basicedu, 7(5), 3309–3321.
Putnam, R. D. (2000). Bowling alone: The collapse and revival of American community. New York: Simon S Schuster.
Rahman, F. (2023). Etnopedagogi dan pendidikan lokal di Indonesia. Jurnal Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan, 8(2), 150–166.
Rahman, F., S Wulandari, S. (2023). Pengembangan profesional guru untuk pendidikan abad 21. Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pelatihan, 7(1), 59–74.
Rancière, J. (1991). The ignorant schoolmaster: Five lessons in intellectual emancipation. Stanford University Press.
Ribble, M. (2011). Digital citizenship in schools: Nine elements all students should know (2nd ed.). Eugene, OR: International Society for Technology in Education.
Rickefs, M. C. (2020). A history of modern Indonesia since c.1300. Macmillan.
Rogers, E. M. (2003). Diffusion of Innovations (5th ed.). New York: Free Press.
San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.UNESCO. (2021). Teachers in the 21st Century: Renewing the Social Contract. Paris: UNESCO Publishing.
Santosa, D. (2023). Pendidikan sebagai hak asasi: Perspektif kritis. Jurnal Kajian Pendidikan, 9(1), 33–48.
Santoso, Y., S Wibowo, D. (2024). Desain instruksional berbasis teknologi.Jurnal Teknologi dan Pembelajaran, 11(1), 55–70.
Sari, N., S Nugroho, A. (2023). Dinamika kurikulum pendidikan di Indonesia: Sebuah kajian kritis. Jurnal Pendidikan Nasional, 15(1), 12–29.
Schultz, T. W. (1961). Investment in human capital. The American Economic Review, 51(1), 1–17.
Simanjuntak, P. (2023). Tantangan implementasi Kurikulum Merdeka di sekolah negeri. Jurnal Manajemen Pendidikan Indonesia, 4(2), 113–125.
Skinner, B. F. (1954). The Science of Learning and the Art of Teaching. Harvard Educational Review, 24(2), 86–97.
Slavin, R. E. (2021). Educational psychology: Theory and practice. Pearson.
Sudarmanto, U. (2022). Pendidikan karakter dalam mewujudkan sumber daya manusia berdaya saing menuju Indonesia Emas 2045. Sharia: Jurnal Kajian Islam, 1(1), 37–55.
Surayya, S., Patonah, S., & Sumiyatun, S. (2024). Pengaruh pendekatan culturally responsive teaching (CRT) untuk meningkatkan berpikir kritis peserta didik kelas IV SDN Peterongan Semarang. Collase (Creative of Learning Students Elementary Education).
https://doi.org/10.22460/collase.v7i2.22504
Suryadi, A. (2021). “Implementasi Tujuan Pendidikan Nasional: Antara Retorika dan Realita.” Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan, 27(1), 45–57. https://doi.org/10.21009/jip.271.05
Suryosubroto, B. (2019). Peran guru dalam pendidikan karakter. Jurnal Pendidikan Karakter, 6(1), 14–27.
Susilo, A., Anwar, K., & S, L. A. (2024). Peran Pembelajaran Sejarah dalam Membangun Karakter Bangsa Menuju Kemajuan dan Persatuan. Journal of Education and Instruction. https://doi.org/10.31539/joeai.v7i2.12832
Sutomo, F. G., & Aini, M. R. Q. (2024). Pemahaman Karakteristik Peserta Didik Dalam Mengoptimalkan Pembelajaran. https://doi.org/10.59031/jkppk.v2i4.499
Sutomo, F. G., & Aini, M. R. Q. (2024). Pemahaman Karakteristik Peserta Didik Dalam Mengoptimalkan Pembelajaran. https://doi.org/10.59031/jkppk.v2i4.499
Sweller, J. (1988). Cognitive load during problem solving: Effects on learning. Cognitive Science, 12(2), 257–285. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15516709cog1202_4
Theory (Vol. II). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Tilaar, H. A. R. (2012). Perubahan Sosial dan Pendidikan: Pengantar Pedagogik Transformatif untuk Indonesia. Jakarta: PT Gramedia.
Tilbury, D. (1995). Environmental education for sustainability: Defining the new focus of environmental education in the 1990s. Environmental Education Research, 1(2), 195–212. https://doi.org/10.1080/1350462950010206
Toffler, A. (1970). Future shock. New York: Random House
Trilling, B., & Fadel, C. (2009). 21st Century Skills: Learning for Life in Our Times.
UNESCO. (2014). Shaping the future we want: UN Decade of Education for Sustainable Development (2005–2014) Final Report. Paris: UNESCO.
UNESCO. (2015). Rethinking education: Towards a global common good?UNESCO Publishing.
UNESCO. (2016). Getting climate-ready: A guide for schools on climate action. Paris: UNESCO. UNESCO. (2017). Education for Sustainable Development Goals: Learning objectives. Paris: UNESCO.
UNESCO. (2021). Education for sustainable development goals: Learning objectives. UNESCO Publishing.
UNESCO. (2022). Reimagining Our Futures Together: A New Social Contract for Education. Paris: UNESCO Publishing.
Utomo, U., & Agustin, N. T. (2024). The Peran Guru Dalam Mengaplikasikan Strategi Manajemen Kelas yang Efektif dalam Meningkatkan Partisipasi Siswa. Jurnal BELAINDIKA (Pembelajaran Dan Inovasi Pendidikan). https://doi.org/10.52005/belaindika.v6i1.134
Vygotsky, L. S. (1978). Mind in society: The development of higher psychological processes.Harvard University Press.
Wardah, R. M. (2023). Upaya meningkatkan kemampuan guru dalam menggunakan media pembelajaran pada pembelajaran tematik melalui teknik supervisi kunjungan kelas pada guru-guru sdn 3 selat hilir tahun pelajaran 2020/2021. Anterior Jurnal. https://doi.org/10.33084/anterior.v22i3.5696
Wardani, S. P. D. K., & Fitri, D. M. (2021). Edukasi tentang Pergaulan Remaja yang Sehat di Lingkungan Sekolah dan Keluarga. https://doi.org/10.31943/ABDI.V3I1.32
Weda, S., Arsyad, M., S Rahman, M. (2023). Cultural-based education to build student identity and active participation. Journal of Ethnography and Education, 8(3), 208–221.
Widiastuti, D., Prasetyo, E., & Kurniawati, T. (2023). “Penguatan Profil Pelajar Pancasila melalui Pembelajaran Proyek Tematik di Sekolah Dasar.” Jurnal Inovasi Pendidikan, 10(1), 33–47.
https://doi.org/10.29313/jip.v10i1.56012
Wijayanti, D. (2023). Pengembangan profesional guru di era digital. Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pengajaran, 8(3), 89–104.
Woolf, B. P. (2009). Building intelligent interactive tutors: Student-centered strategies for revolutionizing e-learning. Burlington, MA: Morgan Kaufmann
Woolfolk, A. (2020). Educational Psychology (14th ed.). Pearson.
Woolfolk, A. (2020). Educational psychology (14th ed.). Pearson.
World Bank. (2020). Indonesia education statistics and human capital. World Bank.
World Bank. (2020). Indonesia: Teacher reform in the making – The role of politics and evidence in policy making. World Bank Group.
World Bank. (2020). World development report: The changing nature of work.World Bank.
World Bank. (2022). Indonesia: Reducing Learning Poverty and Inequality. Washington, DC: World Bank Group. https://documents.worldbank.org
Wulandari, V. A., Pratiwi, Y. A., & Ikrom, F. D. (2024). Model Pembelajaran Blended Learning Dalam Meningkatkan Kemampuan Berpikir Kreatif dan Rasa Ingin Tahu Siswa Dalam Pembelajaran Matematika. Deleted Journal. https://doi.org/10.57235/mesir.v1i2.3022
Yahaya, A. (2010). Permasalah Sosial di kalangan Remaja: Satu Cabaran.
Yamin, M., & Mahfud, I. (2023). “Penerapan Literasi Digital dalam Kompetensi Guru Era Digital.” Jurnal Teknologi dan Pendidikan, 11(2), 201–215.
https://doi.org/10.32509/jtp.v11i2.58176
Yuliana, L., & Prasetyo, R. (2023). “Blended Learning dan Interkoneksi Jalur Pendidikan di Era Digital.” Jurnal Teknologi Pendidikan, 25(1), 45–60.
https://doi.org/10.21009/jtp.251.04
Yunos, N. A., & Ismail, S. (2011). Penerapan Elemen Inovasi Dalam Pengajaran Dan Pembelajaran Kursus-kursus Pendidikan Teknik Dan Vokasional.
Zhang, Y., Wang, X., & Li, H. (2022). Social Support and Academic Engagement among Adolescents: The Mediating Role of Emotional Regulation. Journal ofEducational Psychology, 114(2), 318–332. https://doi.org/10.1037/edu0000675
Zhao, Y. (2019). What Works May Hurt—Side Effects in Education. New York: Teachers College Press.
