KERANG BAKALANG: (Marcia hiantina LAMARCK, 1818) (Gizi, Biologi, Reproduksi, Habitat, Bioindikator, Strategi Pengelolaan)
Keywords:
KERANG, BAKALANGSynopsis
Kerang bakalang (Marcia hiantina Lamarck) merupakan salah satu spesies bivalvia yang memiliki nilai ekologis dan ekonomis penting di ekosistem pesisir dan perairan estuari Indonesia. Kandungan gizi Kerang bakalang sebagai sumber pangan sehat dan potensial dikembangkan dalam industri pengolahan hasil laut bernilai tambah.Kerang bakalang memiliki morfologi cangkang oval hingga agak segitiga, dengan warna kekuningan hingga kecoklatan. Sebagai organisme filter feeder, kerang ini hidup menetap (sessile) di substrat pasir berlumpur hingga berpasir halus pada kedalaman dangkal 0–10 meter, sering kali di wilayah intertidal yang dipengaruhi pasang surut.Aspek reproduksi, M. hiantina bersifat gonokoris (berbeda kelamin) dan memiliki pola reproduksi musiman yang dipengaruhi oleh suhu, salinitas, dan ketersediaan fitoplankton. Proses pemijahan biasanya terjadi pada awal hingga pertengahan musim hujan, dengan fase larva planktonik yang rentan terhadap perubahan kualitas lingkungan. Sebagai bioindikator lingkungan, mempunyai kemampuan mengakumulasi logam berat dan senyawa toksik dari perairan dalam jaringan tubuhnya. Keberadaan M. hiantina dan kondisi fisiologisnya dapat dijadikan indikator biologis terhadap tingkat pencemaran logam berat seperti Pb, Cd, dan Hg, yang penting dalam pemantauan kualitas ekosistem pesisir. Dari sisi strategi pengelolaan, keberlanjutan populasi M. hiantina memerlukan pendekatan berbasis ekosistem dengan memperhatikan kapasitas daya dukung habitat, pembatasan penangkapan selama musim pemijahan, serta penerapan sistem zonasi perlindungan. Pengembangan budidaya berbasis ekologi (eco-aquaculture) dengan pemanfaatan teknologi ramah lingkungan juga menjadi langkah strategis untuk mengurangi tekanan eksploitasi alami dan meningkatkan produktivitas berkelanjutan. Marcia hiantina Lamarck merupakan komponen penting ekosistem pesisir yang memiliki potensi besar dalam bidang pangan, penelitian bioekologi, dan konservasi lingkungan.
Chapters
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KATA PENGANTAR
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DAFTAR ISI
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BAB 1. PENDAHULUAN
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BAB 2. ASPEK BIOLOGI DAN LAJU EKSPLOITASI
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BAB 3. POTENSI REPRODUKSI
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BAB 4. LAMUN SEBAGAI HABITAT KERANG BAKALANG
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BAB 5. KARASTERISTIK SEDIMEN
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BAB 6. KANDUNGAN LOGAM BERAT
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BAB 7. PENGELOLAAN EKOSISTEM PESISIR LABAKKANG
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PROFIL PENULIS
Downloads
References
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