FLAVONOID TEH HIJAU DALAM DIABETES MELITUS

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Albassam, A., & Markowitz, J. (2017). An Appraisal of Drug-Drug Interactions with Green Tea (Camellia sinensis). Planta Medica, 83(06), 496–508. https://doi.org/ 10.1055/s-0043-100934

Arokiasamy, P., Salvi, S., & Selvamani, Y. (2020). Global Burden of Diabetes Mellitus. In I. Kickbusch, D. Ganten, & M. Moeti (Eds.), Handbook of Global Health (pp. 1–44). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10. 1007/978-3-030-05325-3_28-2

Asbaghi, O., Fouladvand, F., Gonzalez, M. J., Ashtary-Larky, D., Choghakhori, R., & Abbasnezhad, A. (2021). Effect of green tea on glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews, 15(1), 23–31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsx.2020.11.004

Asif, A., Zain Ul, I., Muhammad Saad, A., & Abdus, S. (2025). Application of Green Tea Extract in Food: A Mini Review. International Journal of Agricultural Science and Food Technology, 11(1), 026–032. https://doi.org/10.17352/2455-815X.000225

Atsarina, D. M., Widyastiti, N. S., Muniroh, M., Susilaningsih, N., & Maharani, N. (2024). Combination of Metformin and Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate Lowers Cortisol, 11β-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 1, and Blood Glucose Levels in Sprague Dawley Rats with Obesity and Diabetes. Journal of Obesity & Metabolic Syndrome, 33(3), 261–269. https://doi.org/10.7570/jomes23080

Bedrood, Z., Rameshrad, M., & Hosseinzadeh, H. (2018). Toxicological effects of Camellia sinensis (green tea): A review. Phytotherapy Research, 32(7), 1163–1180. https://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.6063

Chen, T., Liu, A. B., Sun, S., Ajami, N. J., Ross, M. C., Wang, H., Zhang, L., Reuhl, K., Kobayashi, K., Onishi, J. C., Zhao, L., & Yang, C. S. (2019). Green Tea Polyphenols Modify the Gut Microbiome in db/db Mice as Co‐Abundance Groups Correlating with the Blood Glucose Lowering Effect. Molecular Nutrition & Food Research, 63(8). https://doi.org/10.1002/mnfr.201801064

Dennis, J. M. (2020). Precision Medicine in Type 2 Diabetes: Using Individualized Prediction Models to Optimize Selection of Treatment. Diabetes, 69(10), 2075–2085. https://doi.org/10.2337/dbi20-0002

Fajar, R. I., Wrasiati, L. P., & Suhendra, L. (2018). Kandungan senyawa flavonoid dan aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak teh hijau pada perlakuan suhu awal dan lama penyeduhan. Jurnal rekayasa dan manajemen agroindustri, 6(3), 196. https://doi.org/10.24843/JRMA.2018.v06.i03.p02

Gao, J., Xu, P., Wang, Y., Wang, Y., & Hochstetter, D. (2013). Combined Effects of Green Tea Extracts, Green Tea Polyphenols or Epigallocatechin Gallate with Acarbose on Inhibition against α-Amylase and α-Glucosidase in Vitro. Molecules, 18(9), 11614–11623. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules180911614

Hayal Oudah, K., Alhadad, H., & Najm, M. A. (2021). The effect of green tea extract and metformin on diabetic mellitus induce in male rats. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/ 354389587

Hininger-Favier, I., Benaraba, R., Coves, S., Anderson, R. A., & Roussel, A.-M. (2009). Green Tea Extract Decreases Oxidative Stress and Improves Insulin Sensitivity in an Animal Model of Insulin Resistance, the Fructose-Fed Rat. Journal of the American College of Nutrition, 28(4), 355–361. https://doi.org/10.1080/07315724.2009.10718097

Hoofnagle, J. H., Bonkovsky, H. L., Phillips, E. J., Li, Y., Ahmad, J., Barnhart, H., Durazo, F., Fontana, R. J., Gu, J., Khan, I., Kleiner, D. E., Koh, C., Rockey, D. C., Seeff, L. B., Serrano, J., Stolz, A., Tillmann, H. L., Vuppalanchi, R., & Navarro, V. J. (2021). HLA‐B*35:01 and Green Tea–Induced Liver Injury. Hepatology, 73(6), 2484–2493. https://doi.org/10.1002/hep.31538

Hsu, A. P., McReynolds, L. J., & Holland, S. M. (2015). GATA2 deficiency. In Current Opinion in Allergy and Clinical Immunology (Vol. 15, Issue 1, pp. 104–109). Lippincott Williams and Wilkins. https://doi.org/10.1097/ ACI.0000000000000126

Huang, S., Fantini, D., Merrill, B. J., Bagchi, S., Guzman, G., & Raychaudhuri, P. (2017). DDB2 is a novel regulator of Wnt signaling in colon cancer. Cancer Research, 77(23), 6562–6575. https://doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-17-1570

Iso, H., Date, C., Wakai, K., Fukui, M., & Tamakoshi, A. (2006). The Relationship between Green Tea and Total Caffeine Intake and Risk for Self-Reported Type 2 Diabetes among Japanese Adults. Annals of Internal Medicine, 144(8), 554–562. https://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-144-8-2006041 80-00005

Jia, M. J., Liu, X. N., Liang, Y. C., Liu, D. L., & Li, H. L. (2024). The effect of green tea on patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus A meta-analysis. Medicine (United States), 103(47), e39702. https://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000039702

Khan, N., & Mukhtar, H. (2019). Tea polyphenols in promotion of human health. In Nutrients (Vol. 11, Issue 1). MDPI AG. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11010039

Kim, H.-S., Quon, M. J., & Kim, J. (2014). New insights into the mechanisms of polyphenols beyond antioxidant properties; lessons from the green tea polyphenol, epigallocatechin 3-gallate. Redox Biology, 2, 187–195. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.redox.2013.12.022

Komorita, Y., Iwase, M., Fujii, H., Ohkuma, T., Ide, H., Jodai-Kitamura, T., Yoshinari, M., Oku, Y., Higashi, T., Nakamura, U., & Kitazono, T. (2020). Additive effects of green tea and coffee on all-cause mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: The Fukuoka Diabetes Registry. BMJ Open Diabetes Research and Care, 8(1). https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjdrc-2020-001252

Kyriacou, N. M., Gross, A. S., & McLachlan, A. J. (2025). Green Tea Catechins as Perpetrators of Drug Pharmacokinetic Interactions. Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics, 118(1), 45–61. https://doi.org/10.1002/cpt.3547

Lahirin, R., Permadhi, I., Mudjihatini, N., Ridwan, R., & Sugianto, R. (2015). Additional benefit of higher dose green tea in lowering postprandial blood glucose. Medical Journal of Indonesia, 24(2), 97–102. https://doi.org/10.13181/ mji.v24i2.1167

Lee, J., & Ahn, M. J. (2021). Brain metastases in patients with oncogenic-driven non-small cell lung cancer: Pros and cons for early radiotherapy. In Cancer Treatment Reviews (Vol. 100). W.B. Saunders Ltd. https://doi.org/10. 1016/j.ctrv.2021.102291

Liu, K., Zhou, R., Wang, B., Chen, K., Shi, L.-Y., Zhu, J.-D., & Mi, M.-T. (2013). Effect of green tea on glucose control and insulin sensitivity: a meta-analysis of 17 randomized controlled trials. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 98(2), 340–348. https://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.112.052746

Liu, X., Zhao, Y., & Zhao, D. (2024). Next-Generation Tea Beverages: Innovations in Formulation and Processing. Journal of Tea Science Research. https://doi.org/10.5376 /jtsr.2024.14.0011

Misaka, S., Miyazaki, N., Fukushima, T., Yamada, S., & Kimura, J. (2013). Effects of green tea extract and (−)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate on pharmacokinetics of nadolol in rats. Phytomedicine, 20(14), 1247–1250. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phymed.2013.07.003

Naveed, M., BiBi, J., Kamboh, A. A., Suheryani, I., Kakar, I., Fazlani, S. A., FangFang, X., kalhoro, S. A., Yunjuan, L., Kakar, M. U., Abd El-Hack, M. E., Noreldin, A. E., Zhixiang, S., LiXia, C., & XiaoHui, Z. (2018). Pharmacological values and therapeutic properties of black tea (Camellia sinensis): A comprehensive overview. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, 100, 521–531. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2018.02.048

Nazir, N., Zahoor, M., Ullah, R., Ezzeldin, E., & Mostafa, G. A. E. (2021). Curative Effect of Catechin Isolated from Elaeagnus Umbellata Thunb. Berries for Diabetes and Related Complications in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats Model. Molecules, 26(1). https://doi.org/10.3 390/MOLECULES26010137

Ogurtsova, K., da Rocha Fernandes, J. D., Huang, Y., Linnenkamp, U., Guariguata, L., Cho, N. H., Cavan, D., Shaw, J. E., & Makaroff, L. E. (2017). IDF Diabetes Atlas: Global estimates for the prevalence of diabetes for 2015 and 2040. Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice, 128, 40–50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diabres.2017.03.024

Piran, F., Khoshkhoo, Z., Hosseini, S. E., & Azizi, M. H. (2020). Controlling the Antioxidant Activity of Green Tea Extract through Encapsulation in Chitosan-Citrate Nanogel. Journal of Food Quality, 2020, 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/7935420

Poceviciute, A., Mazurkeviciute, A., & Raudone, L. (2025). Natural-Origin Edible Gels as Delivery Systems for Green Tea Extract: Formulation, Physicochemical, and Biopharmaceutic Profile Assessment. Molecules, 30(13), 2789. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules30132789

Potenza, M. A., Iacobazzi, D., Sgarra, L., & Montagnani, M. (2020). The Intrinsic Virtues of EGCG, an Extremely Good Cell Guardian, on Prevention and Treatment of Diabesity Complications. Molecules, 25(13), 3061. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25133061

Rafieian-Kopaei, M., Motamedi, P., Vakili, L., Dehghani, N., Kiani, F., Taheri, Z., Torkamaneh, S., Nasri, P., & Nasri, H. (2014). Green tea and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Journal of Nephropharmacology, 3(1), 21–23.

Rashidinejad, A., Boostani, S., Babazadeh, A., Rehman, A., Rezaei, A., Akbari-Alavijeh, S., Shaddel, R., & Jafari, S. M. (2021). Opportunities and challenges for the nanodelivery of green tea catechins in functional foods. Food Research International, 142, 110186. https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.foodres.2021.110186

Sánchez, M., González-Burgos, E., Iglesias, I., Lozano, R., & Gómez-Serranillos, M. P. (2020). The Pharmacological Activity of Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze on Metabolic and Endocrine Disorders: A Systematic Review. Biomolecules, 10(4), 603. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom10040603

Sarma, A., Bania, R., & Das, M. K. (2023). Green tea: Current trends and prospects in nutraceutical and pharmaceutical aspects. Journal of Herbal Medicine, 41, 100694. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hermed.2023.100694

Setiawan, I., Saryati, D., & Astian, A. (2019). Pemanfaatan Ekstrak Daun Teh (Camellia sinensis L) Dari Perkebunan Kemuning Kab. Karang Anyar dalam Pembuatan Sabun Padat Transparan dan Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri pada Staphyloccocus aureus. Jurnal Riset Kefarmasian Indonesia, 1(1), 21–29. https://doi.org/10.33759/jrki.v1i1.7

Takahashi, M., Miyashita, M., Suzuki, K., Bae, S., Kim, H.-K., Wakisaka, T., Matsui, Y., Takeshita, M., & Yasunaga, K. (2014). Acute ingestion of catechin-rich green tea improves postprandial glucose status and increases serum thioredoxin concentrations in postmenopausal women. British Journal of Nutrition, 112(9), 1542–1550. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007114514002530

Tobias, D. K., Merino, J., Ahmad, A., Aiken, C., Benham, J. L., Bodhini, D., Clark, A. L., Colclough, K., Corcoy, R., Cromer, S. J., Duan, D., Felton, J. L., Francis, E. C., Gillard, P., Gingras, V., Gaillard, R., Haider, E., Hughes, A., Ikle, J. M., … Franks, P. W. (2023). Second international consensus report on gaps and opportunities for the clinical translation of precision diabetes medicine. Nature Medicine, 29(10), 2438–2457. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-023-02502-5

Venkatachalapathy, P., Padhilahouse, S., Sellappan, M., Subramanian, T., Kurian, S. J., Miraj, S. S., Rao, M., Raut, A. A., Kanwar, R. K., Singh, J., Khadanga, S., Mondithoka, S., & Munisamy, M. (2021). Pharmacogenomics and Personalized Medicine in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Potential Implications for Clinical Practice. Pharmacogenomics and Personalized Medicine, Volume 14, 1441–1455. https://doi.org/10.2147/PGPM.S329787

Wang, D., Wei, Y., Wang, T., Wan, X., Yang, C. S., Reiter, R. J., & Zhang, J. (2015). Melatonin attenuates (‐)‐epigallocatehin‐3‐gallate‐triggered hepatotoxicity without compromising its downregulation of hepatic gluconeogenic and lipogenic genes in mice. Journal of Pineal Research, 59(4), 497–507. https://doi.org/10. 1111/jpi.12281

Wen, L., Wu, D., Tan, X., Zhong, M., Xing, J., Li, W., Li, D., & Cao, F. (2022). The Role of Catechins in Regulating Diabetes: An Update Review. In Nutrients (Vol. 14, Issue 21). MDPI. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14214681

Wu, C., Lu, F., Chang, C., Chang, T., Wang, R., & Chang, C. (2003). Relationship among Habitual Tea Consumption, Percent Body Fat, and Body Fat Distribution. Obesity Research, 11(9), 1088–1095. https://doi.org/10.1038/oby.2003.149

Xia, M., & Li, X. (2023). Updates of precision medicine in type 2 diabetes. Cambridge Prisms: Precision Medicine, 1, e24. https://doi.org/10.1017/pcm.2023.12

Xu, R., Bai, Y., Yang, K., & Chen, G. (2020). Effects of green tea consumption on glycemic control: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Nutrition & Metabolism, 17(1), 56. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12986-020-00469-5

Younes, M., Aggett, P., Aguilar, F., Crebelli, R., Dusemund, B., Filipič, M., Frutos, M. J., Galtier, P., Gott, D., Gundert‐Remy, U., Lambré, C., Leblanc, J., Lillegaard, I. T., Moldeus, P., Mortensen, A., Oskarsson, A., Stankovic, I., Waalkens‐Berendsen, I., Woutersen, R. A., … Wright, M. (2018). Scientific opinion on the safety of green tea catechins. EFSA Journal, 16(4). https://doi.org/10.2903/ j.efsa.2018.5239

Zhang, Q., Yuan, H., Zhang, C., Guan, Y., Wu, Y., Ling, F., Niu, Y., & Li, Y. (2018). Epigallocatechin gallate improves insulin resistance in HepG2 cells through alleviating inflammation and lipotoxicity. Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice, 142, 363–373. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.diabres.2018.06.017